螺旋CT仿真喉镜、三维重建和多平面重组在喉及下咽癌的临床应用价值

目的　探讨螺旋CT仿真喉镜 (CTVL)、三维重建 ( 3D)和多平面重组 (MPR)在喉及下咽癌的临床应用价值。方法　 2 2例喉及下咽癌患者进行轴位螺旋CT扫描 ,同时做MPR、3D和CTVL成像 ,并与纤维喉镜、手术所见对照分析。结果　螺旋CT轴位结合MPR图像对术前肿瘤分期和诊断颈部淋巴结转移的准确性都是 95% ;2 3%的病例MPR显示肿瘤侵犯的范围优于轴位 ,3D重建可立体显示肿瘤的侵犯范围及其与血管、气管的关系 ;头端CTVL显示喉及下咽部腔内病变的部位、大小及侵犯范围与纤维喉镜所见相似 ,3例从足侧观察肿瘤与声带和前联合的关系弥补了纤维喉镜的不足。结论　螺旋CT轴位图像能很好地显示喉及下咽癌的部位、大小及其侵犯范围 ,MPR和 3D重建是轴位图像的有力补充 ,CTVL能清楚显示喉及下咽部的腔内结构 ,是纤维喉镜的很好补充手段。

Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma: comparison of helical CT multiplanar reformation, three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual laryngoscopy

Objective　To evaluate the clinical application of helical CT multiplanar reformation (MPR), three-dimensional reconstruction (3D) and virtual laryngoscopy (CTVL) in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods　Axial helical CT scans were performed in 22 patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal carcinoma, along with MPR, 3D and CTVL. These results were compared with the findings of fiber optic laryngoscopy and surgery. Results　Combining axial and MPR images, both the accuracy in preoperative tumor staging and the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes were 95%. MPR demonstrated more information about the extent of tumor than axial images in 23% cases; 3D image displayed clearly the extension of tumor, the vessels and airway from multiple views. The location, size and extent of tumors found in cranio-caudal CTVL corresponded well with that of laryngoscopy, and CTVL demonstrated the relationship between the tumor and vocal cords and anterior commissure by caudo-cranial approach, which was inaccessible to fiber optic laryngoscopy in 3 cases.Conclusions　Axial images of helical CT clearly demonstrate the location, size and extent of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma, while MPR and 3D images are useful in displaying the three-dimensional images and anatomical relation of the tumor. CTVL can clearly display the mucosal surface structures of the larynx and hypopharynx and is a good complementary method of laryngoscopy.