荧光PCR技术在健康人群咽部带菌调查中的应用

目的 调查新疆维吾尔自治区（新疆）脑膜炎奈瑟菌（Nm）、肺炎链球菌（Spn）、流感嗜血杆菌（Hi）在健康人群中的携带状况。 方法 采集健康人群咽拭子标本，应用荧光聚合酶链式反应检测Nm、Spn、Hi。 结果 Nm、Spn、Hi在健康人群中的携带率均较高，分别为37.62%（193/513）、70.37%（361/513）和77.58%（398/513）。 Nm的携带以B群、X群为主，以16 ~ 20岁组携带率最高，其次为6 ~ 10岁组。 Spn以19B/F、18B/C、5和6A/B为主要血清群/型，Spn、Hi的携带率均以6 ~ 10岁组最高。 同时携带2种或3种病原体的现象比较普遍。 Hi对Spn的携带具有协同效应。 结论 新疆地区Nm、Sp、Hi在健康人群中的携带比例较高，存在发病的高风险，在重点地区要加强细菌性脑膜炎疫情的防控，防止疾病的暴发流行。

Application of real time PCR in investigation of bacteria carriage in pharyngeal of healthy population

Objective In order to understand the carriage rate of Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzaein healthy population on Xinjiang. Methods Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from health people for the detection of N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenza with real time PCR. Results The carriage rates ofN. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenz were high in healthy people, which were 37.62% (193/513), 70.37% (361/513), and 77.58% (398/513), respectively. N. meningitidis B and X were predominant, the highest carriage rate was in age group 16–20 years, followed by that in age group 6–10 years. The main serogroups/types of S. pneumoniae were 19B/F, 18B/C, 5 and 6A/B, and the carriage rates of S. pneumoniae and H. influenza were highest in age group 6–10 years. Multiple carriage of two or three pathogens was common.H. influenza had synergistic effect for carriage of S. pneumoniae. Conclusion The carriages rate of N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenza are high in healthy population in Xinjiang, suggesting a high potential of bacterial meningitis outbreak, we should strengthen the prevention and control in areas at high risk to prevent the outbreak of bacterial meningitis.