农村社区居民艾滋病健康教育前后的知识水平及其影响因素的分析

目的:了解海南省农民艾滋病知识水平及其影响因素。方法:采用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取琼海农村两个乡镇分别作为实验组和对照组,对实验组中学生开设性健康教育课,并指导其将所学知识再传播给家长及周围社区居民,比较实验组农民干预前后预防艾滋病知识掌握情况以及不同性别、年龄、文化和居住地的艾滋病知识水平的差异,并与对照组相比较。再用逐步回归进行影响艾滋病知识水平的多因素分析。结果:实验组农民艾滋病知识知晓率提高20%以上,远高于对照组。性别分布在干预前为男性高于女性,干预后则为女性高于男性,差异均有统计学意义。在干预前后均以55岁以上年龄组的知晓率最低。农民的艾滋病知识水平有随文化程度的升高而上升的趋势。不同居住地区的农民知识水平也有差别。结论:文化程度、渴望了解多一点艾滋病知识、性别、经济状况、年龄等因素可影响艾滋病知识水平及健康教育效果。

THE ANALYSIS OF PEOPLE''''S KNOWLEDGE LEVEL BEFORE AND AFTER HEALTH EDUCATION OF AIDS IN RURAL COMMUNITIES AND ITS AFFECTING FACTOR

Objective: To understand the AIDS knowledge levels of the peasants and its affecting factors in Hainan Province. Methods: Two townships, as the interventing group and the control group, were selected from Qionghai City by randomized cluster sampling. The middle school students of the interventing group were given the sexul health education courses, and directed to disseminate the AIDS knowledge among the family members and the community residents. The peasants' situation of understanding AIDS knowledge of the interventing group before and after intervention, and the residents' AIDS knowledge levels of different sex, age, cultural degrees and living areas were compared with each other or one another, moreover, with the control group. The affecting factors of AIDS knowledge levels were analyzed through stepwise regression. Results: The consciousness rate of the peasants' AIDS knowledge of the interventing group was raised more over 20%, that was higher than the control group. Before intervention the consciousness rate of the male was significantly higher than that of the female, but after intervention, the results was reverse. The consciousness rates of 55 and above year old group was the lowest before and after intervention. The peasants' AIDS knowledge levels rised when their cultural degrees were raised. The peasants' AIDS knowledge levels of various areas also were significantly different. Conclusion: The cultural degrees?desire to understand AIDS knowledge more?the sex,econornic condition? age?etc. may affect the AIDS knowledge levels and the effectiveness of health education.