136份初筛抗-HIV1+2阳性而复检阴性标本的分析

目的了解山东省历年来艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体检测中筛查试验假阳性结果的真实情况,更加合理地开展HIV抗体日常检测。方法检测及结果判断按《全国艾滋病检测技术规范》进行,对比分析HIV抗体筛查试验为阳性而免疫印迹试验(WB)为阴性的标本的结果以及相关资料。结果136份筛查试验为阳性反应、WB确认为HIV抗体阴性的标本,占所有送检标本的6.70%,占筛查试验阳性标本的13.39%。136份标本中,明胶颗粒凝集试验(PA)阳性的119份,占87.50%;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)阳性33份,占24.26%,S/CO值平均为0.8005(0.2319~5.544)。结论日常检测必须遵从先筛查再确认的检测程序,筛查试验阳性的不能直接出HIV抗体阳性报告,应确认后再出。

Assessment of 136 samples which were positive by routine HIV 1+2 antibody screening test and negative by WB assay

Objective To understand actual false positive results of HIV antibody screening test in Shandong over the last few years,so as to improve current routine HIV screening practice and seek alternative approaches.Methods In accordance with the National Technical Guideline for HIV/AIDS Detection,samples which were positive by routine HIV1 2 antibody screening test and turned out negative by WB assay were analyzed and related data were reassessed.Results One hundred and thirty six samples were positive by HIV antibody screening test but turned out negative by WB,accounting for 6.70% of all the tested samples and 13.39% of all the positive ones.Of these 136 samples 119 were positive by PA test,accounting for 87.5%,with a false positive rate of 9.370%.Of the 136 samples 33 were confirmed positive by ELISA,accounting for 24.26%,with a false positive rate of 2.787%.The lowest S/CO value was 0.2319 and the highest-5.544,with an average value of 0.8005.Conclusion The routine HIV testing should follow the procedure that all screening tests be reconfirmed and that any HIV positive report cannot not be based on screening test finding alone.