新护士角色体验的现象学研究

目的]探讨新护士（工龄≤1年）从护生角色到临床护士角色转变过程中的工作状况和情感体验，为医院管理者制定人性化护理人力资源管理策略，帮助新护士顺利完成角色转变提供依据。方法]采用质性研究中现象学研究的深入访谈法，对15名新护士进行面对面、半结构式深入访谈，运用Colaizzi的现象学资料7步分析法对资料进行分析。结果]新护士负性角色体验有5个主题：工作负荷重，身体“疲惫”；心理负荷重，焦虑；人际冲突；薪酬分配不合理；有离职意向。正性角色体验有1个主题：工作被认可。结论]新护士在工作之初会产生很多负性身心体验，管理者应高度关注新护士的成长，制定人性化的护理管理制度，提供良好的工作氛围，提高新护士留职率，以确保护理队伍的稳定和护理质量的可持续发展。

Phenomenological research on new nurse role experience

Obj ective：To probe into the working condition and emotional experience of the new nurses （seniority≤1 year）during the period that they try to change themselves from students to clinical nurses.This study can provide the evidences fo helping the hospital managers develop a hu-manized nursing human resource management strategy and help the new nurses change their role.Methods：In depth interview of phenomenologi-cal research was used in this study.We had a face to face semi struc-tured and in depth interview with 1 5 new nurses.The collected data were analyzed and studied by using Colaizzi’s seven step method of phe-nomenological analysis.Results：We found the new nurses have 5 kinds of negative role experience：great work overload and physical“fatigue”,great psychological pressure and anxiety,interpersonal conflict;unreasonable income distribution,intention of job burnout.Only one theme of new nur-ses’positive role experience was found：work recognized.Conclusion：New nurses will go through lots of negative mental and physical experi-ence,so the administrators should pay high attention to their growth.Hu-manistic care management system,harmonious working atmosphere and higher retention rate should be provided so that we can have a stable and sustainable nursing staff and quality of care.