512名女性性工作者的艾滋病相关知识、行为及HIV感染情况分析

目的了解汕头市潮南区女性性工作者的艾滋病相关知识、行为以及HIV、梅毒感染状况,为开展健康教育和行为干预提供依据。方法采用方便抽样方法,对汕头市潮南区18家宾馆里有商业性行为的女性性工作者进行匿名问卷调查,了解其艾滋病相关知识及危险行为,同时采集其5mL静脉血样进行HIV及梅毒抗体检测。结果共调查512人,其对艾滋病相关知识的总知晓率为63.48%,多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,20～30岁年龄组知晓率高于其他年龄组（OR=2.568）,未婚者知晓率高于已婚者和离异及丧偶者（OR=1.983）,文化程度高者的知晓率高于文化程度低者（OR=2.349）,城镇户籍者的知晓率高于农村户籍者（OR=1.897）。首次性行为小于18岁者占67.97%（348/512）,且首次性行为使用安全套者仅占2.3%。最近1次与客人发生性行为时使用安全套者占60.95%（281/461）,而未用安全套的主要原因为客人增加付费（占31.11%）、感观认定客人无病（占25.0%）。最近1个月内与客人发生性关系时每次都使用安全套者仅占28.52%。检测325名女性性工作者的HIV抗体,结果均为阴性,检出梅毒抗体阳性13例（占4.0%）。结论汕头市潮南区部分女性性工作者对艾滋病相关知识的知晓率不高,且在商业性行为中安全套使用率很低。在开展健康教育、行为干预时,重点应纠正错误观念,增强保护意识,提高安全套的使用率,改变其高危行为。

Analysis on AIDS knowledge, behavior and HIV infection among 512 female sexual workers

Objective To understand the knowledge level , the behavior about AIDS and the HIV and syphilis infection condition among female sexual workers in Chaonan , in order to provide a basis for health education and behavioral intervention. Methods Convenience sampling method was used for the anonymous questionnaire survey on female sexual workers in 18 hotels in Chaonan District, Shantou City, to understand their AIDS - related knowledge and risk behavior. At the same time, 5 mL blood samples were collected from each female sexual worker for syphilis and HIV antibody testing. Results A total of 512 fe male sexual workers were investigated. The total awareness rate for AIDS was 63.48%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness rate for AIDS in age group of 20 - 30 years old was higher than that in other age groups （ OR = 2. 568） ; the awareness rate for AIDS rate in the unmarried was higher than those in the married, divorced and widowed persons （ OR = 1. 983 ） ; the awareness rate in persons with higher level of education was higher than those with lower level of education （ OR = 2. 349） ; and the awareness rate in persons with urban household registration was higher than those with rural household registration （ OR = 1. 897）. The rate of first sexual activity under 18 years old was 67. 97% （348/512）. The rate of using condoms for the first sexual activity was only 2.3%. The rate of the latest condom use during commercial sex accounted for 60. 95% （281/461）. The main reasons for not using condoms the last time were the clients would pay more （31.11% ）, or the female sexual workers perceived that the clients might be disease -free （25.0%）. Only 28.52% of female sex workers used condoms for each time when conducting sexual activity with clients within recent one month. HIV antibodies were negative for all 325 blood samples, but 13 （4. 0% ） samples were positive for syphilis. Conclusion The awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge was not high and condom use rate in commercial sex was very low in part of female sex workers in Chaonan District, Shantou City. In carrying out health education and behavioral intervention, it should be emphasized to correct wrong conceptions, enhance the protection awareness, increase the condom use rate continuously and change their high - risk behavior.