西方近代医学伦理学发展的特点

近代西方医学伦理学的发展和转变主要受到两方面因素的影响,即社会结构的重大改变和医学的迅速发展而引起的一系列变化,而近代哲学、伦理学思想则为医学伦理学的建立提供了理论基础。人们开始重新审视医学是什么？医生的作用是什么？这些变化导致了近代医学伦理学的诞生,其特征主要表现为：1．政府医学责任的增加和医生社会义务感的增强;2．美德论的复兴;3．职业伦理准则的建立;4．健康权利的提出。

Characteristics of development of modern western medical ethics

The paper reviews the development of Western medical ethics during 17-19th centuries.The transformation of the theories of the medical ethics from ancient to medern took place in the peried because of the changes of aseial construction and medical care. The medern philmphical and ethical theories provided a powerful backing for the medical ethics. What is medicine and what is a physician's proper role were again defined against the background. So the medical ethics had some new characters in the period,including theincrease of government's duty for pople's health care, resurrection of virtue, the establishing of prohaional ethical code, and the birth of the civil right for health care.