Development and applications of new reactions for construction of basic structures of natural products]

This review deals with the development of efficient methods to construct the basic structure of natural products and the versatile methods to control the stereochemistry, and these methods were applied to the synthesis of natural compounds. The photochemical spirodienone formation reaction was applied to the synthesis of proaporphine alkaloids. The alternative spirodienone formation reactions by the metal-catalyzed degradation reaction of phenolic alpha-diazoketones were applied to many natural spirocyclic compounds, such as chamigrane type sesquiterpenes, spirovetivane type phytoalexins, marine natural products, and so on. Lewis acid mediated spirocyclization reaction of cyclohexene bis-acetal derivative was developed, and this reaction was applied to the synthesis of aphidicolane and stemodane diterpenes. The regioselective cleavage reaction of the cyclopropane ring of tricyclooctanone derivatives was used for the syntheses of diquinane and triquinane compounds. A chiral pool synthesis of several aromadendrane sesquiterpenes was achieved via common tricyclic enone intermediates. The synthesis of macrocarpals, coupling products of aromadendrane skeleton and isopentylphloroglucinol dialdehyde, was also accomplished for the first time using an arene Cr(CO)3 complex as a chiral benzyl cation equivalent. The Fe(diene)(CO)3 complexes were used for the highly stereoselective asymmetric synthesis of several natural products, such as insect pheromones and alkaloid, as a versatile mobile chiral auxiliary.