不同性别抑郁症患者临床特点和防御方式分析

目的探讨不同性别抑郁症患者的临床特征及防御方式的差异性。方法对164例抑郁症患者以不同性别进行分组,其中男性组71例,女性组93例。采用半定式检查法,严格按照遗传学研究用诊断检查问卷内容询问入组患者临床症状,应用防御方式问卷、汉密顿抑郁量表、抑郁自评量表进行评定分析。结果汉密顿抑郁量表评分男女患者总分及各因子分差异均无显著性（P〉0.05）,但女性患者早醒、躯体性焦虑、胃肠道症状因子分均高于男性。抑郁自评量表评分女性患者哭泣因子分显著高于男性,焦虑不安、体重减轻因子分显著低于男性（P〈0.01）,总分及其他因子分差异均无显著性（P〉0.05）。防御方式问卷评分男性患者被动攻击、退缩、假性利他等因子分显著高于女性,而抱怨、躯体化、制止等因子分均显著低于女性,两组比较差异均有极显著性（P〈0.01）。结论不同性别抑郁症患者的临床特征存在差异性,其防御方式有一定的性别差异性。

Gender differences of clinical features and defense styles in patients with depressive disorder

Objective To explore the gender differences of clinical characteristics and coping styles in patients with depressive disorder.Methods 164 patients were divided into male(n=71)and female(n=93)group according to gender.Clinical symptoms were inquired strictly with the DIGS using semi-structured check-up,assessments conducted with the CSQ,the HAMD and the SDS.Results There was no significant gender difference in total and factor's score(P>0.05),and scores of early awake,body-anxiety and gastrointestinal symptoms were higher in the female patients than in the male ones.Crying score by the SDS was obviously higher and scores of apprehension and body weight loss significantly lower in the female than in the male(P<0.01),and there were no gender differences in total score and other factor scores(P>0.05).By the CSQ,scores of passive aggression,retraction and pseudo-benefit others were significantly higher and those of complain,somatiztion and suppress lower in the male than in the female(P<0.01).Conclusion There are gender differences in the clinical characteristics and coping styles among patients with depressive diorder.