经鼻腔内窥镜视神经管减压术

目的评价内窥镜在治疗视神经损伤中的作用。方法选择13例视神经管内下壁骨折的患者,鼻窥镜引导下中鼻甲切除后1／3,开放蝶窦开口及后组筛窦,辨别骨折的位置以及视神经管、颈内动脉压迹及视神经隐窝,开放视神经眶口及颅口及全长,未剪开视神经鞘膜,2例视神经管颅口处硬膜破裂者,用中鼻甲剪下的黏膜敷于漏口处,一根油纱条填塞于蝶窦及中鼻道,可疑脑脊液漏者7—10d拔除纱条,其余患者3d拔除纱条。评价视力的标准为：失明、光感、眼前手动、眼前数指、能见视力表符号5个级别,术后视力提高1个级别以上为有效,视野的改善也为有效。结果术前6例无光感者,5例有效,其余7例有残存光感者均有效,有效率92％。结论经鼻腔内窥镜视神经管减压手术为微创治疗,对视神经可全程减压,对视神经干扰小,术后恢复快。

Endoscopic decompression of optic canal

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of endoscope in the treatment of optic nerve injury. Methods Thirteen patients with fracture at the inner and lower walls of optical canal underwent endoscopic decompression. The posterior 1/3 of the middle concha, the posterior ethmoid sinus and sphenoid sinus were opened, chips of bone and old hematocele were scavenged, and the optic ring of the optic canal was polished; however, the sheath of the optic nerve remained intact. In 2 cases with the dura broken at the cranial part of optic nerve, the broken site was covered with mucosa of middle concha, and the sphenoid sinus and the middle nasal meatus were covered with oil ribbon gauze. Three days after the operation, the ribbon gauze was pulled put, however, if cerebro-spinal fluid leakage was suspected, the ribbon gauze was pulled out 7-10 days after. After the operation the visual acuity improvement reaching one grade or more and improvement of visual field were defined as effective. Results Five of the 6 patients without light perception before the operation showed improvement in visual acuity. The other 7 patients with residual visual acuity all recovered to different extents. Condusion A mini-invasive surgery, decompression of optic canal with endoscope is effective in decompressing optic nerve, decreasing the injury of optic nerve, and the patients recover quickly after operation.