新型相变材料运血箱对血液保存质量影响的研究

目的分析评价以十四烷作为相变材料的新型恒温运血箱对血液保存质量的影响。方法采用血液冷藏冰箱作为对照,将红细胞放置于血液冷藏冰箱和相变材料运血箱中,在外界环境温度为-20℃的条件下,分别于0、24、48和60 h取样检测血红蛋白含量变化。在外界环境温度为35℃的条件下进行实验验证,分别于0、24、48和72 h取样检测红细胞变形性、红细胞悬液中游离血红蛋白含量、血钾含量、血钠含量等指标。结果根据十四烷的贮热容量及运血箱尺寸,设计模拟在高温（30℃以上）和低温（-20℃）条件下,运血箱内温度维持在1～10℃的时间分别为72和60 h。在验证实验中,当外界环境温度为-20℃时,运血箱内红细胞保存时间达到60 h,血红蛋白含量为136.33 g/L,与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;当外界环境温度为35℃时,运血箱内红细胞保存时间达到72 h,红细胞悬液中游离血红蛋白含量为0.33 g/L,红细胞变形系数为0.26,血钾、血钠浓度分别为6.38和145.37 mmol/L,均符合国家标准,且与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论由相变材料制备的新型恒温运血箱在无电力供应、无冰的条件下,于低温和高温条件均对红细胞具有良好的保存效果,适宜血液运输。

Effect of blood containers containing phase change material on the quality of stored red blood cells

Objective To verify the effect on ,stored red blood cells of the blood container consisting of phase change material. Methods Bags of red blood cells were placed in the container and the freezer as control,, respectively, under -20℃ and 35℃ as the environmental temperatures. At the time points of 0, 24, 48, 60 h under low temperature, the blood samples were collected from the freezer and the container for measurement of the ammoun of red blood ceils and hemoglobin. At the time point of 0, 24, 48, 72 h under high temperature, the free hemoglobin, deformability, concentration of K ＋ and Na ＋ were measured. Results By theoretigal simulation, the temperature curves showed that when the environ- mental temperature was - 20℃, the container was able to keep the temperature below 10℃ for 60 h and that when the environmental temperature was above 30℃, the container be able to keep the temperature above 1 ℃ for 72 h. Under the temperature of - 20℃, average amount of the hemoglobin in the blood from the blood container was 136.33 g/L after 60 h of preservation, much like the amount of the control sample （P 〉 0. 05 ）. When the environmental temperalure was 35℃, the free hemoglobin content was 0.33 g/L, the deformability ratio was 0. 26, and the concentration of K ＋ and Na ＋ was 6.38 mmol/L and 145.37 mmol/L after 72 h. There was no significant difference between the above measured parameters and those obtained from the blood samples stored in the freezer （ P 〉 0. 05 ）, Conclusion This new blood container containing phase change material can store and transport red blood cells in the absence of ice or electric power.