医院内真菌感染81例分析

①目的探讨医院内真菌感染发生的高危因素、常见菌种和临床特点。②方法对我院2003年6月～2004年6月发生真菌感染的81例住院病人的临床资料进行回顾性分析。③结果医院内真菌感染81例病人中泌尿道感染28例（34.57％），下呼吸道感染25例（30．86％），肠道感染10例（12．34％），上呼吸道感染9例（11．11％），其他9例（11．11％）。白色念珠菌感染62例（76．54％），光滑念珠菌感染12例（14．81％），其他真菌感染7例（8．64％）。医院内真菌感染发生的高危因素主要为高龄病人，存在的基础疾病，抗生素、糖皮质激素的不合理应用，长期使用侵入性操作如留置尿管和气管插管，化疗和免疫抑制剂的使用。④结论近年医院内真菌感染患病率明显增加，以泌尿道和呼吸道感染为主，感染菌株以白色念珠菌最常见。因此，要高度重视医院内真菌感染的发生，规范抗生素应用，重视病原学监测。

NOSOCOMIAL FUNGAL INFECTION: AN ANALYSIS OF 81 CASES

Objective To explore the high risk factors, common types and clinical features of fungal infection. Methods Eighty-one in-patients with fungal infection, from Jun. 2003 to Jun. 2004, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 81 patients, the infection was seen in urinary infection 28 (34.57%), low respiratory tract infection 25 (30.86%), intestinal infection,10 (12.34%), upper respiratory infection 9 (11.11%),and other type infection 9 (11.11%). Sixty-two (76.54%) patients suffered from Candida albicans infection, 12 (14.81%) from Candida glabrata, and 7 (8.64%) from other type of fungus. The high risk factors of nosocomial fungal infection were: advanced age; the existing diseases; improper use of antibiotics and steroids; long-term invasive manipulation such as endotracheal intubation and indwelling of urinary catheter; chemotherapy and administration of immunosuppressant. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial fungal infection has been increasing. Urinary and respiratory system seems to be mainly involved. Candida albicans is the pathogen most commonly seen. Therefore, a great attention must be paid on the occurrence of nosocomial fungal infection, proper use of antibiotics, and monitoring of the pathogens.