铜绿假单胞菌感染分布及耐药性变迁分析

目的 了解2006年1月至2008年12月空军总医院铜绿假单胞菌感染分布及对抗生素的耐药情况,以指导临床合理用药.方法 使用法国梅里埃公司的VITEK 2细菌鉴定仪,以K-B法分离菌株进行药物敏感实验,统计治疗铜绿假单胞菌感染常用抗生素全年用量.结果 2006年至2008年治疗铜绿假单胞菌常用抗生素头孢类、碳青霉烯类耐药率逐年增高,氨基糖苷类、半合成青霉素类、喹诺酮类2008年耐药率与上一年比较略有降低.2008年耐药率低的抗生素依次为头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星、头孢他啶、哌拉西林、氨曲南.单酰胺环类、喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、碳青霉烯类抗生素对铜绿假单胞菌耐药率变化与抗生素的用量变化一致.结论 铜绿假单胞菌是本院主要致病菌,耐药发生率高,减少抗生素用量可减低抗生素的耐药率,因此采取严格措施控制院内感染是减少耐药发生的关键.

Infections distribution and antibiotic resistance transformation of Pseudomonas aeraginosa

Objective To investigate the infectious distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antibiotic resistance,and to guide rational drug administration in clinic.Methods Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified by VITEK2 system,and antibiotic resistance was determined by Kirby-Bauer method.The annual consumption of common antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was calculated.Results The resistance rates of cephalosporiasand,carbapenema against Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased yearly from 2006 to 2008.The resistant rate of aminoglycosides,semi-synthetic penicillins,quinolones against Pseudomonas aeruginosa declined slightly in 2008.The active agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were cefoperazone and sulbactam, cefepime, amikasin, ceftazidine, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin, aztreonam. The changes of atreonam, quinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenem resistance rate were identical with the changes of their annual consumption.Corrosions Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major pathogenic bacterium in the hospital,and drug resistant rate is high.Reduced dosage of antibiotics can minish the rate of antibiotic resistance.Measures are adopted to control hospital infection,which is important to reduce drug resistant rate.