影响医学生考研的主要因素调查分析

目的了解医科院校医学生考研的影响因素，为考研与就业指导提供依据。方法利用自制问卷，抽取昆明医科大学2008、2009级本科大三、大四医学生300人，根据考研意向，分为考研组（181人）和不考研组（97人）；比较两组学生考研意向，对不考研的主要因素进行分析。通过Excel2003及SPSS17．0进行统计学构成比分析及考研主要影响因素性别、户籍∥检验。结果71．2％的医学生表示关注考研，65．1％的学生表示要考研，是否考研不存在性别差异（x2=3．213，P：0．073）。年龄（74．1％）、家庭经济情况（71．1％）及目前就业状况（68．1％）是影响医学生考研的主要因素；其中年龄及家庭经济因素在性别、户籍上差异有统计学意义（x2=4．810，P：0．028；x2=9．612，P=0．002），而在目前就业状况影响因素上差异无统计学意义（X2=0．279，P=0．597）。结论年龄、家庭经济情况及目前就业状况是影响医学生考研的主要因素；学校、社会和家庭应给予积极引导与关照，医学生要根据自身情况制定合理的考研、择业观。

Investigation and analysis on main influencing factors of postgraduate entrance examination

Objective To explore main influencing factors of postgraduate entrance examina- tion of medical students in medical universities and to provide guidance for postgraduate entrance exam- ination and employment. Methods Totally 300 2008 and 2009 grade undergraduates of Kunming Medical University were enrolled and divided into postgraduate entrance examination group （ n = 181 ） and non postgraduate entrance examination group （ n = 97 ）. Self-designed questionnaire was used. In- tentions of postgraduate entrance examination of two groups and main factors of not taking postgraduate entrance examination were analyzed. Softwares of Excel 2003 and SPSS 17.0 were applied to do constit- uent ratio analysis andx2 test of gender and residence. Results Among all enrolled students, 71.2% paid attention to the entrance exam and 65.1% said that they would take part in the entrance exam. There was no significant differences in taking entrance exam between males and females （X2 = 3. 213, P =0. 073）. Age （74. 1%）, family economic situation （71. 1%） and current employment status （68. 1% ） were the main influencing factor of graduate entrance exam. There were significant differ- ences between factors of age and family economic situation and factors of gender and census register （X2=4. 810, P =0.028 andx2=9. 612, P =0.002）. There was no significant difference between factors of age and family economic situation and factor of current employment status （X2 = 0. 279, P = 0. 597 ）. Conclusions Age, family economical situation and current employment situation are major influencing factors of postgraduate entrance examination for medical students. Postgraduate entrance examination formedical students needs positive guidance and more care from schools, society and family. Medical students should form correct view for employment and postgraduate entrance examination according to their own condition.