PBL在职业卫生与职业医学教学中的应用及效果评价

目的探讨以问题为基础的学习（problem-based learning，PBL）在职业卫生与职业医学理论课教学中的有效性和可行性。方法选择预防医学五年级本科生61人为研究对象，采用自身对照，选择2个教学要求近似的内容分别采用PBL和传统教学方法进行讲授，对课后随堂考试成绩进行分析比较。采用SPSS16．0软件对考试成绩进行统计分析，各组数据用均数±标准差（x±s）表示，均值间比较采用t检验，率的比较采用r检验。采用SAS9．0软件对合格率进行Fisher确切概率法分析。以P〈O．05为差异有统计学意义。结果采用PBL教学的学生成绩明显高于传统教学法（P〈O．05），男女生成绩均有提高（P〈O．05），其中女生成绩提高效果优于男生。使用PBL教学的女生成绩合格率高于传统教学（P〈O．05）。结论在职业卫生与职业医学理论课教学中，采用PBL可明显提高教学质量。

Application of PBL teaching method in occupational health and occupational medicine teaching and its evaluation

Objective To observe the validity and feasibility of PBL teaching method in occupa- tional health and occupational medicine theory teaching. Methods Sixty-one five-year undergraduates majored in preventive medicine were selected and self-control was apphed. Two teaching contents which had similar teaching requirements were selected, one applied PBL teaching method and the other applied traditional teaching method. Students＇ results and passing rate in examination were analyzed and com- pared. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis and data were manifested as （ x±s ）. T test was used to do comparison between average results and chi-square test was used to do comparison between rates. SAS 9.0 software was employed and Fisher＇s exact probability analysis was performed on percent of pass. P〈O.05 stands for statistically significant differences. Results Test scores of the students taught by PBL teaching method were significantly higher than those of students taught by traditional teaching method （ P〈O.05 ）. Both female and male students＇ test scores were improved （ P〈O.05 ） and increase of female students＇ test scores were more obvious than male students＇. Passing rate of female students taught by PBL teaching method was significantly higher than female students taught by traditional teaching method （ P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion PBL teaching method applied in occupational health and occupational medi- cine theory teaching can significantly improve the quality of teaching.