北京市常住居民健康知识知晓水平及影响因素分析

目的了解北京市常住居民健康知识水平及其影响因素。方法采取多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法，确定16249名18～79岁的北京市常住人口为调查对象。采用自行编制的调查问卷调查居民健康知识水平。结果北京市常住居民健康知识知晓率为73．7％，其中安全与急救知识知晓率为79．3％，健康生活方式、传染病预防、基本医疗与保健、慢性病预防知识知晓率分别为74．8％、74．1％、73．0％和67．6％。多因素分析结果显示城市居民得分是农村居民的1．168倍，女性是男性的1．227倍，家庭月均收人为1000～1999元和2000～2999元分别是1000元以下的1．290和1．247倍；以18～24岁年龄段为参照，其他各年龄组的比数比为1．142～1．718；以小学及以下文化程度为参照，其他各组的比数比为1．685～6．762，呈现随文化程度递增而增高的趋势；文化程度是健康知识得分的主要影响因素。结论北京市居民健康知识知晓水平不容乐观，建议以农村地区、低文化程度、男性为主要干预对象，以慢性病预防为重点内容，实施全方位、广覆盖、多种形式的知识普及活动。

Analysis of health knowledge level and its influencing factors among permanent residents in Beijing

Objective To understand the health knowledge level and its influencing factors among permanent residents in Beijing. Methods With multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted about health knowledge among 16 249 permanent residents aged 18 -79 years old. Results The overall awareness rate of health knowledge among permanent residents in Beijing was 73.7%, the correct answer rate of ＂safety and first aid＂, ＂healthy lifestyle＂, ＂infectious diseases prevention＂, ＂basic medical and health care＂, ＂chronic diseases prevention＂ were 79. 3 %, 74. 8% , 74. 1%, 73.0% and 67.6% , respectively. Multivariate analysis showed urban and female were the protective fac- tors of health knowledge, OR values were 1. 168, 1. 227, respectively. Compared to family average monthly income with 1000 yuan, the OR values for 1000 -1999 yuan, 2000 -2999 yuan were 1. 290, 1. 247, respectively. Compared to population aged 18 -24 years, the OR values for other age group were 1. 142 - 1. 718. The correct answer rate of health knowl- edge was increased along with the increasing of educational background, the OR values were 1. 685 - 6. 762 compared to primary school education. The educational background was the main impact factor of health knowledge score. Conclusion Various popularization activities focus on chronic disease prevention knowledge should be implemented and targeted on rural areas, low educational and male.