1起社会福利院甲型肝炎爆发疫情调查控制与对策分析

目的对长沙市某社会福利院甲肝暴发疫情开展调查与处置,分析和探讨爆发原因。方法对爆发的发生发展经过、病例发病与流行病学资料、社会福利院的基本情况、运作方式等进行详细调查;对未发病儿童和护理、医疗人员进行甲肝IgM抗体检测,掌握感染情况。将收集的以上信息进行流行病学分析与总结。结果本次疫情发病12例,罹患率1.78%,亚临床感染者32例,亚临床感染率4.75%;康复儿童与工作人员感染率分别为8.81%、1.02%(P=0.000),院本部新楼12层儿童与其他楼层及分院(园)儿童感染率分别为21.74%、5.71%(P=0.000)。结论经过实施隔离、消毒、预防接种等综合处置措施,本起甲肝疫情得到控制和平息,社会福利院应更加重视和加强传染病防控工作,防止类似事件再次发生。

Investigation on a hepatitis A outbreak in a social welfare institution and countermeasures

Objective To investigation and disposal a hepatitis A outbreak in a social welfare institution in Hunan,analysis and explore the outbreak reasons.Method Investigation the process of this outbreak,the epidemic data of the cases,the basic conditions and operating ways of the social welfare institution,carrying out anti-HAV-IgM detection to un-ill children and medical personnel,in order to grasp the infection conditions.Collecting all the results above,and then developed epidemiological analysis and summary.Results Total of 12 hepatitis A cases were found,the attack rate was 1.78%.There were 32 cases of subclinical infections and infection rate was 4.75%.The infection rates of the rehabilitation children and personnel in the social welfare institution were 8.81% and 1.02%,respectively(P=0.000).The infection rates of the children in 12 floor of the new building and in the other floors and branchs were 21.74% and 5.71%,respectively(P=0.000).Conclusions After implementing the joint disposal measures of isolation,disinfection,preventive inoculation,the epidemic situation was under control.The social welfare institution should pay more attention to prevention and control work on infection disease and avoid the events outbreak.