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From bench to almost bedside: the long road to a licensed Ebola virus vaccine |
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| Authors: | Gary Wong Emelissa J Mendoza Francis A Plummer George F Gao Xiangguo Qiu |
| Institution: | 1. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China;2. CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;3. National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;4. Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;5. National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;6. Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;7. Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;8. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China |
| Abstract: | Introduction: The Ebola virus (EBOV) disease epidemic during 2014–16 in West Africa has accelerated the clinical development of several vaccine candidates that have demonstrated efficacy in the gold standard nonhuman primate (NHP) model, namely cynomolgus macaques. Areas covered: This review discusses the pre-clinical research and if available, clinical evaluation of the currently available EBOV vaccine candidates, while emphasizing the translatability of pre-clinical data generated in the NHP model to clinical data in humans. Expert opinion: Despite the existence of many successful EBOV vaccine candidates in the pre-clinical stages, only two platforms became the focus of Phase 2/3 efficacy trials in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea near the peak of the epidemic: the Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-vectored vaccine and the chimpanzee adenovirus type 3 (ChAd3)-vectored vaccine. The results of three distinct clinical trials involving these candidates may soon pave the way for a licensed, safe and efficacious EBOV vaccine to help combat future epidemics. |
| Keywords: | Clinical trials ebola virus nonhuman primates vaccines |