青少年近视合并高眼压的静态阈值视野改变

目的：探讨合并高眼压青少年近视的静态视野改变的特点及其临床意义。方法：应用Octopus101型全自动视野计对45例(87只眼)青少年近视合并高眼压和36例(72只眼)正常眼压青少年近视进行定量视野测定，并分析其视野缺损形式及视野指数与眼压、屈光度的关系。结果：合并高眼压青少年近视的视野损害发生率明显高于正常眼压青少年近视。视野损害多表现为生理盲点扩大，特征性青光眼视野缺损。与正常眼压青少年近视有显著性差异。平均敏感皮MS值、平均缺损MD值、缺损变异LV值均与正常眼压青少年近视有显著性差异，且在正常眼压青少年近视组中，随着近视度数增加，MS值逐渐下降，MD及LV值逐渐升高。结论：高眼压是青少年近视人群中发展为青光眼性视野损害的一个重要因素。眼压应列为青少年近视的眼科常规检查项目。采用全自动视野计检测是早期发现青少年近视青光眼性视野损害的最敏感最有特异性的检查方法。

Automated static perimetry in juvenile myopia with high intraocular pressure

Objective:To study the changes of automated static central visual defects in juvenile myopia with high intraocular pressure(HIOP). Methods:The visual fields of 45 cases(87 eyes)with juvenile myopia with HIOP and 36 cases (72 eyes)with juvenile myopia with normal intraocular pressure(NIOP) were quantitatively measured withOctopus-101 automated perimetry(G2 program).The relationship of visual field defect indices,intraocular pressure and diopter weree analyzed. Results:The rate of visual field defect of juvenile myopia with HIOP is higher than that of juvenile myopia withNIO.Most of the visual field defects in juvenile myopia with HIOP presented enlargement of physiologic spot and glaucomatous visual field defects.Concerning this,there was significant difference between the juvenile myopia with HIOP and juvenile myopia with NIOP.The differences of mean sensitivity(MS),mean defect(MD) and loss variance(LV) were statistically significant between the two groups(all P<0.01).There was remarkable difference between the cases with high myopia and the cases with low and moderate degree of myopia (P<0.05).In addition,with the increase in the degree of myopia,MS decreased as well as MD and LV increased gradually in juvenile myopia with NIOP. Conclusions:High intraocular pressure is a cautious signal which will deteriorate to glaucomatous visual field defects and intraocular pressure measure should be listed into the regualr ophthalmologica examinations.Automated perimetry examination is a sensitive and special method to defect the early glaucomatous visual field defects in patients with juvenile myopia.