糖尿病患者健康教育的实施及效果评价

目的：了解乌鲁木齐市糖尿病患者对糖尿病知识的认知程度,提高患者对糖尿病的认识水平和自我监护能力。方法：对乌鲁木齐市1562例糖尿病患者进行有计划、循环式糖尿病知识讲座和护理技能的教育,健康教育前、后进行问卷调查,比较教育前、后患者糖尿病知识的掌握程度及血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、血压等指标的变化。结果：患者糖尿病知识35.78%来源于医院医护人员;糖尿病患者掌握有关疾病知识程度与自身文化素质及对疾病关心程度密切相关;健康教育前、后患者的糖尿病知识得分≥60分者分别占13.98%、68.06%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;教育后血糖、血压、糖化血红蛋白等指标有不同程度改善（P〈0.05）,自我护理技能得到提高。结论：定期进行系统、科学的健康教育可提高糖尿病患者对疾病的认识水平和自我监护能力,有利于控制血糖,预防和延缓急慢性并发症的发生。

Implementation and evaluation of health education in patient with diabetes mellitus

Objective: To investigate the diabetic knowledge of patients with diabetes in Ugur, to elevate the patients, knowledge about diabetes, to change bad lifestyle and to improve the metabolic index. Methods: A diabetes club with the number of 1 562 age from 13 to 82 was set up and teaching materials were compiled by our staffs. The questionairs were filled in by patients and knowledge of diabetes, blood glucose, HbA1c, blood lipid, and blood pressure were evaluated before and after the activity. Results: 35.78 percent of diabetic knowledge was resourced from staffs. There was a significant change in scores of grasping diabetic knowledge (P<0.05) and in blood glucose, blood lipid, and blood pressure (P<0.05) after systemic and scientific health education. Patients, self-care ability enhanced notably. Conclusion: Health education in DM is beneficial to better control of the disease and needed in DM management. It is advantage to control the blood glucose, to prevent acute complications and to delay chronic complications.