家庭因素对小学生营养知识、态度、行为的影响

目的了解小学生营养知识、态度、行为(KAP)现状及家庭因素的影响,为开展营养健康教育提供参考。方法采用KAP问卷对小学生及其家长营养知识、态度、行为进行调查,并对影响小学生营养KAP的家庭因素进行多元线性回归分析。结果大多数小学生缺乏营养知识,存有很多不利健康的摄食行为。多因素分析显示,与小学生摄食行为水平呈正相关的因素,依次为母亲文化程度、学生营养知识、父亲文化程度、家庭收入和家长营养知识水平;仅家长营养知识水平对学生自身营养知识水平有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小学生及其家长KAP总体水平不高,应采取多种方式进行营养知识教育,同时加强他们营养知识到态度及行为的转变,通过发挥母亲在家庭中的作用,可以使营养教育收到更好的效果。

Effect of family factors on knowledge, attitude and practice for nutrition in pupils

Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice for nutrition in pupils, as well as analyze the fam- ily influence factor to provide basic information for further nutrition education. Methods A questionnaire was conducted a- mong pupils and their parents and multiple regression method was adopted to analyze the KAP correlation between pupils and their parents. Results Lack of nutrition knowledge and some disadvantageous feeding behavior were found in most of pupils. A multivariate analysis showed that the factors correlated positively with the score of pupils＇ KAP were mother＇s education lev- el, pupils＇ nutrition knowledge, father＇s education level, family income and parents＇ nutrition knowledge. For the score of pupils＇ K, only the score of parents＇ K had statistical significance （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The general KAP levels of pupils and their parents are not good enough. Various ways should be adopted in the process of nutrition education to enhance the change from Knowledge to Attitude and Practice. Mother should play a greater role in family to reinforce the effect of nutrition education.