滇西横断山区家畜体表蜱类调查及鉴定

目的 调查滇西横断山区家畜体表蜱的种类。方法 采集家畜体表寄生的蜱虫,经形态学鉴定后,用PCR法扩增蜱虫样本的16S rRNA、12S rRNA、COI、ITS2的基因片断,测序后进行序列分析。结果 共采集成虫蜱样本1 874只,经形态学鉴定为1科、1属(扇头蜱属Rhipicephalus)、4种,其中微小扇头蜱(R. microplus)1 637只(占87.35%)),镰形扇头蜱(R. haemaphysaloides)218只(11.63%),短小扇头蜱(R. pumilio)11只(0.59%),血红扇头蜱(R. sanguineus)8只(0.43%)。样品分子鉴定结果与形态学鉴定结果一致。系统发育树分析显示,微小扇头蜱Y2 16S rRNA、12S rRNA、COI、ITS2的基因序列分别与来自印度(EU918188)、贵州(KC503259)、马来西亚(KM246873)、贵州(KC503274)的微小扇头蜱在同一分支上,而与以往云南发现的微小扇头蜱不在同一分支;镰形扇头蜱Y5的 16S rRNA、12S rRNA和COI基因序列分别与来自泰国(KC170743)、台湾(DQ003005)和湖南(KM083593)的镰形扇头蜱在同一分支上;短小扇头蜱Y6和Y01 的ITS2基因序列与来自澳大利亚的短小扇头蜱(AF271282)在同一分支上。结论 滇西横断山区家畜体表蜱以微小扇头蜱为优势种,短小扇头蜱为云南境内首次发现。

Tick species and genetic variants analysis of tick gene in Hengduan Mountains,west Yunnan Province,China

To investigate the species composition and genetic variants of ticks in Hengduan Mountains of the western Yunnan Province, 1 874 individual ticks were captured from the body surface of domestic animals and were identified as four species of one genus of one family by species morpholog. Of them, 97.35% (1 637/1 874) of ticks were Rhipicephalus microplus, 11.63% (218/1 874) Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, 0.59% (11/1 874) Rhipicephalus pumilio and 0.43% (8/1 874) Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The 16S rRNA, 12S rRN, COI and ITS2 segments of ticks were amplified separately by PCR and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis showed that R. microplus Y2 (sample number) was in the same branch with R. microplus from Inida (EU918188), Guizhou of China (KC503259), Malaysia (KM246873) and Guizhou of China (KC503274) through 16S rRNA, 12S rRNA, COI and ITS2 sequences analysis respectively, but was different R. microplus fomerly reported from Yunnan of China.R. haemaphysaloides Y5 was in the same branch with R. haemaphysaloides from Thailand (KC170743), Taiwan (DQ003005) and Hunan of China (KM083593) through 16s rRNA, 12S rRNA and COI sequences analysis respectively. R. pumilio Y6 and Y01 were in the same branch with R. pumilio from Australian (AF271282). It was concluded that R. microplus is the dominant tick species of domestic animals in Hengduan Mountains,the west of Yunnan Province. In addition,R. pumilio may be a new record in Yunnan.