猪流感病毒基因池中的新成员:新甲型H1N1流感病毒基因片段的存在及潜在威胁

新甲型H1N1流感病毒(2009 pandemic H1N1 virus,pdm/09)于2009年在人群中暴发以后,迅速在全球范围内传播,引起了21世纪的第一次流感大流行。pdm/09是由人的流感病毒、禽流感和猪流感病毒(swine influenza virus,SIV)经过重配后形成的病毒,它的基因片段已经进入了猪流感病毒当中并开始产生新的变异毒株,这些新的变异流感毒株在欧亚大陆、北美大陆及中国南部的各个地区被不断报道和发现,这表明猪源性pdm/09在人间流行后可返传给猪,成为猪流感病毒基因池中的固有组成,获得与SIV重组形成新的重配病毒的能力,并可能仍然具有感染人类的潜能。因此,必须关注新型重配病毒的进化:包括其在猪群中的生长适应、以及适应性感染人的进化过程。不仅如此,还必须加强对猪群及人群流感病毒的检测,了解重配病毒在人和猪两个种群中的进化过程。

The new member of the swine influenza virus gene pool: the existence of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus gene fragments and potential threats

The pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza virus (pdm/09) has caused the 2009 pandemic and the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. It was a swine-origin virus that was generated via multiple reassortments of the swine,human and avian influenza viruses. Pdm/09 can not only infect human but also transmit back into swine and further reassortments with the enzootic swine influenza virus (SIV). New gene reassortment viruses with gene segment of pdm/09 and other SIVs have repeated occurred in Eurasia,North America and southern China,which indicate swine-origin pdm/09 can transmit back into swine after human epidemic and become one of composition in the swine influenza virus gene pool. So the gene reassortment viruses may still have the potential to infect humans. Therefore,we must focus on the evolution of the new gene reassortment viruses,including swine epidemic and adaptable infect humans. Not only that,it need to strengthen the detection of influenza viruses in swine and human,to understand the evolution and cross-species infection of new reassortment viruses in both human and swine.