84株沙门菌耐药特征及分子分型结果分析

目的分析广东省第二人民医院2012-2014年临床常见沙门菌耐药特性及分子分型特征。方法对分离的84株沙门菌进行血清分型、药物敏感试验。选取不同菌株来源、血清型和耐药谱的51株沙门菌,按照美国PulseNet标准进行脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型。应用BioNumerics软件对电泳图谱进行分析,确定菌株间的相关性。结果84株菌分为20种血清型,沙门菌前3位血清型构成比从高到低分别为:鼠伤寒沙门菌占42.86%(36/84)、肠炎沙门菌占15.48%(13/84)、斯坦利沙门菌占8.33%(7/84)。本次分离沙门菌对头孢类抗生素敏感率达84.21%以上,对于环丙沙星与氯霉素的敏感性在66.67%以上,对于甲氧苄啶与庆大霉素的敏感性在50.88%以上,但仍存在多株多重耐药现象。51株沙门菌经过聚类分析可分为 42个PFGE型,表现为较大的遗传多样性。结论临床治疗时,应根据药敏试验结果指导临床,合理使用抗生素,以提高治疗效果。沙门菌耐药谱与 PFGE分型无明显关联。

Characterization of antimicrobial resistances and molecular characteristics of 84 strains of Salmonella

A total of 84 Salmonella isolates,from part of Guangzhou,2012-2014,were detected with serum agglutination and antibiotic susceptibility to investigate the antimicrobial resistance. Results were assessed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI,2012). The 51 Salmonella strains were tested by pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Bionumerics software was used to analyze the PFGE results in order to determine the correlation between different Salmonella strains. Results showed that Salmonella infections were found in all age groups and children under 5 years old accounted for the major proportion (67.86%),with the gender ratio at 1.1∶1. A total of 84 Salmonella strains were divided into 20 serotypes. The top three were Salmonella typhimurium (42.86%),Salmonella enteritidis (15.48%) and Salmonella stanley (8.33%). Over 84.21% of Salmonella were sensitive to Cephalosporin,66.67% to Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and Chloramphenicol (CHL),50.88% to Trimethoprim (TMP) and Gentamicin (GEN). However,there still were many strains showed multidrug resistance. The 51 Salmonella strains were divided into 42 PFGE types,showing great genetic diversity. We emphasized that antibiotics should be chosen reasonably and prudently based on antimicobial sensitivity testing. There is no significant correlation between Salmonella resistance patterns and PFGE types in our survey.