抗精神病药对慢性铝暴露痴呆模型大鼠学习记忆功能的影响

目的观察抗精神病药(antipsychotics,AP)对于慢性铝暴露痴呆模型大鼠学习记忆功能的影响,以及典型AP和非典型AP影响的区别。方法 30只慢性铝暴露痴呆模型大鼠,随机分为3组,每组10只。利培酮组给予利培酮0.20 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,氯丙嗪组给予氯丙嗪10 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,对照组给予生理盐水灌胃。8周后3组大鼠进行Morris水迷宫测试,评价学习和记忆功能。结果干预后,氯丙嗪组大鼠定向航行实验平均潜伏期[(24.8±1.6)s]长于利培酮组[(18.0±2.7)s]和对照组[(17.1±2.6)s],差异有统计学意义(P0.01),利培酮组与对照组之间无统计学差异(P0.05)。定向航行实验中3组使用搜索策略类型所占比例无统计学差异(P0.05)。空间搜索实验中,氯丙嗪组大鼠在站台放置象限内停留时间[(34.7±8.4)s]短于利培酮组[(44.6±5.5)s]和对照组[(47.9±6.2)s],差异有统计学意义(P0.01),利培酮组与对照组之间无统计学差异(P0.05)。氯丙嗪组大鼠穿越站台次数(6.0±2.2)少于利培酮组(8.6±2.8)和对照组(8.7±2.8),差异有统计学意义(P0.05),利培酮组与对照组之间无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论该模型中经典和非经典AP均不能改善痴呆模型大鼠的学习记忆功能,经典AP对大鼠的学习记忆功能造成负面影响,而非经典AP则没有明显负面影响。

The effects of antipsychotics use on learning and memory function in a rat model of chronic aluminum chlo-ride exposure dementia

Objective To examine the effects of antipsychotics on the learning and memory function in chronic aluminum chloride exposure dementia model rats and to explore the difference between typical and atypical antipsychot?ics. Methods Thirty chronic aluminum chloride exposure dementia model rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups. The three group rats were intragastrically fed with risperidone 0.20 mg/(kg·d), 10 mg/(kg·d) and normal sa?line, respectively. All rats were tested by Morris water maze 8 weeks later to examine their learning and memory function. Results Compared to the risperidone group [(18.0±2.7)s] and control group [(17.1±2.6)s], the chlorpromazine group rats had significantly longer incubation period in directional navigation experiment [(24.8 ± 1.6)s] (P<0.01). There was no sig?nificant difference in directional navigation between control group and risperidone group (P>0.05). There was no signifi?cant difference in strategy to find the hidden platform among these three groups (P>0.05). Compared to risperidone group [(44.6±5.5)s] and control group [(47.9±6.2)s] , the residence time in the quadrant of platform placement of chlorpromazine group rats [(34.7±8.4)s] was significantly shorter (P<0.01). There was no difference in the residence time between control group and risperidone group (P>0.05). Compared to risperidone group (8.6±2.8) and control group (8.7±2.8), the times of passing through the platform of chlorpromazine group (6.0±2.2) significantly decreased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the times of passing through the platform between control group and risperidone group (P>0.05). Conclu?sions Neither typical nor atypical antipsychotics can improve learning and memory function of the chronic aluminum chloride exposure dementia model rats. Typical antipsychotic has negative effects on learning and memory function of de?mentia model rats whereas atypical antipsychotics has not.