首次发作年龄对老年抑郁症患者认知功能的影响

目的比较早发型老年抑郁症及晚发型老年抑郁症认知功能的特点及血管风险因素,为阐明老年抑郁症认知功能障碍发生提供线索。方法本研究通过选取本院门诊、住院老年抑郁症患者,包括早发型老年抑郁症29例,晚发型老年抑郁症27例,及社区招募正常对照组25例,收集人口学资料及进行总体认知评估、详细认知域及血管风险因素评估,分析早发型老年抑郁症与晚发型老年抑郁症认知功能特点及血管风险因素特点。结果总体认知功能MMSE比较发现,晚发型老年抑郁症患者得分明显低于早发型老年抑郁症患者,差异有统计学意义(24.8±2.9,22.8±3.5,P=0.030);早发型老年抑郁症组在符号数字转化测验、画钟测验及连线测验中得分优于晚发型老年抑郁症组,差异有统计学意义(29.8±10.5,22.9±11.8,P=0.028,3.6±0.8,2.9±1.3,P=0.006,60.4±20.6,74.7±28.8,P=0.027)。晚发型老年抑郁症组血管风险因素评分高于早发型老年抑郁症组,差异有统计学意义(14.6±2.7,12.3±2.2,P=0.001)。结论与早发型老年抑郁症相比,晚发型老年抑郁症认知损害更重,血管风险因素更高。

The effects of the age onset on cognitive function in late life depression

Objective To investigate the cognitive characteristics and vascular risk factor between early onset de?pression and late onset depression in late life depression and provide a clue to elucidate the cause of cognitive impairment in late life depression. Method Fifty-six late life depression patients were recruited in our hospital, including 29 early on?set depression patients and 27 late onset depression patients. 25 controls were recruited from Guangzhou community. Cog?nitive evaluation were conducted in all the patients and controls, including MMSE, memory, attention, language, visuospa?tial abilities,executive function and Framingham vascular risk assessment, and analyze the cognitive and vascular risk be?tween the patients. Result There were statistically significant differences in overall cognitive assessment MMSE(24.8 ± 2.9,22.8±3.5,P=0.030), symbol digit modalities test(SDMT)(29.8±10.5, 22.9±11.8, P=0.028), clock drawing test(CDT) (3.6 ± 0.8, 2.9 ± 1.3, P=0.006) and trail making test(TMT) (60.4 ± 20.6, 74.7 ± 28.8, P=0.027) between late onset depression and early onset depression. In addition, the score of vascular risk assessment was significant between late onset depression and early onset depression(14.6±2.7,12.3±2.2,P=0.001). Conclusion Compare with early onset depression, late onset de?pression has much severe cognitive impairments and increased vascular risk factors.