城市急救用血无人机配送系统的建设与初步应用

目的:探讨城市无人机血液配送系统建设的可行性和效果，为急救用血的配送提供新途径。方法:研究于2019年4月至2021年1月在杭州完成，主要参与单位为浙江大学医学院附属第二医院、浙江省血液中心和杭州迅蚁网络科技有限公司。首先构建城市急救用血无人机配送系统，研制无人机专用血液储存箱。利用无人机系统从浙江省血液中心运送血制品到浙大二院滨江院区，获取以下指标：(1)无人机送血的飞行时间；(2)血制品在运输过程中的实时温度；（3）利用百度地图软件测出道路交通的送血时间，并与无人机飞行时间进行比较。结果:城市无人机血液配送系统由智能物流无人机、低温血液储存箱、无人物流枢纽站、云端运行控制平台等部分组成。浙江省血液中心到浙大二院滨江院区的无人机航线距离（2.36±0.06）km，地面距离5.8 km，从2019年4月12日到2021年1月29日共飞行27架/次，飞行时间为（6.37±0.35）min，小于人工取血来回双程所需道路行驶时间（17.00±1.94）min。在一天的不同时间点，无人机送血可以节省15.98-4.28 min，平均节省（10.62±1.87）min。结论:城市无人机血液配送系统具有速度快、不受地面交通状况影响等优点，并能保证运输过程中血制品的安全，值得进一步的探索。

A primary study on construction of urban unmanned aerial vehicle emergency blood distribution system

Objective:To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of the construction of urban unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) blood distribution system, and to provide a novel way for the distribution of emergency blood.Methods:The study was completed in Hangzhou from April 2019 to January 2021, and the main participants were from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province Blood Center and Hangzhou Fast Ant Network Technology Co., Ltd. Firstly, an unmanned aircraft delivery system was built for urban emergency blood and a special blood storage box for drones were developed. The drone was used to deliver blood products from Zhejiang Province Blood Center to Binjiang Campus, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and the following indicators were obtained: (1) flight time of the drone blood delivery; (2) real-time temperature of blood products during transportation; (3) Baidu map software was used to measure the blood delivery time of road traffic, which was compared with the flight time of the drone.Results:The urban drone blood delivery system consists of intelligent logistics drones, cryogenic blood storage tanks, unmanned logistics hub stations, and cloud-based operation control platforms. The drone route distance from Zhejiang Provincial Blood Center to Binjiang Campus, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine was 2.36±0.06 km, and the ground distance was 5.8 km, with 27 flights from April 12, 2019 to January 29, 2021, and the drone flight time was, shorter than the road travel time for a round trip (6.37±0.35) min vs. (17.00±1.94) min]. At different time points of the day, UAV blood delivery could save 15.98-4.28 min, with an average saving of 10.62±1.87 min. Conclusions:Urban UAV blood delivery systems have the advantages of being fast, unaffected by ground traffic conditions, and can ensure the safety of blood products during transportation, and are worthy of further exploration.