快速成型技术在正颌外科中的应用

目的利用螺旋CT扫描、三维重建和快速成型技术制作三维头颅模型，并探讨其在口腔颌面部治疗中应用的可行性与准确性。方法对1例颅骨和口腔颌面部不对称严重畸形的第一、二鳃弓综合症患者使用螺旋CT连续薄层容积扫描，CT数据传至工作站后行三维重建并转换成STL文件格式。将处理后的数据输入快速成型机制造三维头颅模型，在此模型上直接进行测量，并利用患者健侧下颌骨镜像复制出其患侧下颌。结果根据CT数据制作的三维模型能立体、精确地显示颅面三维解剖结构及其相互关系。模型与真实个体之间总体误差可以控制在0．02～0．53mm。通过镜像复制出患侧下颌骨模型。为准确了解畸形情况、制定合理的手术治疗计划提供了极为重要的依据。结论快速成型技术制作颅骨镜像实体模型可行。

THE APPLICATION OF RAPID PROTOTYPING IN THE ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY

Objective To construct a geometric skull model by using three-dimensional reconstruction, computer tomography scanning and rapid prototyping technology and evaluate its significance in treatment of complex oral and maxillofacial deformities. Methods A cranial and a goldenhar syndrome patient with complex oral and maxillofacial deformities bone received continuous volumetric scanning of skull and the data acquisition was done by an electron computed tomography, by which reconstruction was performed and the obtained images saved as STL files. Then the data were input into rapid prototyping machine to make three-dimensional geometric model. Direct measurement, designation and surgery simulation could be done on this threedimensional model. Then the mandibular mirror physical model was manufactured using rapid prototyping according to the normal side. Results A computer-aided model according to CT data could represent the three-dimensional anatomic structures and their relationships precisely. The replica exhibited dimensional errors ranging 0.02 mm to 0.53 mm. Which provided strong basis for accurate understanding of disease status and reasonable surgical plans and helped improve the curative effect of surgery. Conclusion Rapid prototyping can help surgeons in many ways for therapy of the complex oral and maxillofacial deformities.