一种增生性瘢痕动物模型的建立

目的　建立兔耳瘢痕动物模型 ,观察兔耳腹侧创面在伤后不同时间瘢痕增生的情况。方法　于 32只新西兰白兔的 6 0只兔耳腹面手术切除 2cm× 5cm全层皮肤 ,创面用 1%磺胺嘧啶银冷霜外敷包扎至愈合 ,换药 1次 /周。未作手术的 4只兔耳作对照。 (1)术后连续 12个月观察兔耳创面自然愈合情况。 (2 )用光镜、透射电镜观察兔耳创面瘢痕增生情况。 (3)用计算机图像分析系统测定 1～ 6个月的瘢痕指数。　结果　兔耳创面上皮化后其色泽、厚度和质地均经历从瘢痕形成、成熟到退化的演变过程 ;1～ 2个月的瘢痕指数 2 .2 9± 0 .74较 3～ 4个月 (2 .82± 0 .36 )和 5～ 6个月 (2 .90± 0 .84 )低 (P <0.0 5),其变化与瘢痕增生程度的消长趋势吻合。　结论　兔耳腹面全层皮肤缺损经自然愈合后形成的增生性瘢痕与人体增生性瘢痕相似 ,该模型是研究增生性瘢痕的发生机制及评估其治疗方法的较好的动物模型之一

Establishment of an animal model with hypertrophic scar

OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of hypertrophic scar on the rabbit ears and to observe the dynamic process of scar formation on the ventral side of the rabbit ears. METHODS: Full skin defect (2 cm x 5 cm in diameter) was created on the ventral side of 60 ears in 32 New Zealand white rabbits. 1% silver sulfadiazine cream was applied to the wounds, and the dressing was changed once a week till wound healing. Four ears without operation were taken as control. Wound healing under natural condition was observed continuously for 12 months after the operation. The scar proliferation on the rabbit ears was observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope, and the scar index was determined by computer image analyzing system. RESULTS: The color, thickness and texture of the wounds on the rabbit ears after epithelization underwent a process of scar overgrowth, maturation and degeneration. The change in scar index was in accordance with the wax and wane of scar proliferation. CONCLUSION: The hypertrophic scar formed on the ventral side of rabbit ears after natural healing of full thickness skin wounds was similar to that in humans. The results indicated that this animal model was ideal for the study of the developmental mechanism of hypertrophic scars and for the evaluation of the efficacy of the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars.