武汉地区高血压病患者不良生活方式及认知水平调查

目的了解不同文化层次高血压病患者的认知水平和不良生活方式,为开展针对高血压病知识教育和干预治疗提供依据.方法采用自填或代填封闭式问卷方式,对2001年1月至2002年3月武汉地区8所医院1027名确诊为高血压病的患者,进行生活习惯及高血压病相关知识认知情况调查.结果在生活方式上,具有不良心理因素人群的比例较高.其中,有较大心理压力者占63.2%,事业心或好胜心强者占50.3%,两者在高等文化组中更为突出(P＜0.01);在低等文化组中,完全不参加锻炼者的比例和吸烟率均显著高于高等文化组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);饮酒率在低、中等文化组中也显著高于高等文化组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).在高血压病认知方面,低、中等文化组均表现出较低的认知率,尤其对运动、吸烟、盐及饮酒与高血压病关系的认识,与高等文化组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01);整个调查人群对血压控制水平、高血压并发症的认知率普遍较低,分别为19.7%、7.9%.结论高血压患者普遍存在着不良生活习惯和对本病相关知识较低的认知水平,在低、中等文化组中尤显突出,应急需加强该方面知识的教育和干预治疗.

AN INVESTIGATION ON LIFESTYLE AND COGNITIVE LEVEL OF HYPERTENSION AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN WUHAN REGION

Objective:To investigate lifestyle and cognitive level associated with hypertension for the purpose of health education and medical intervention for hypertension. Method: 1027 patients with confirmed hypertension in 8 hospitals from Wuhan region from January 2001 to March 2003 received questionnaire survey for the lifestyle and cognitive level investigation. Results: Patients who had psychological disadvantage tended to have higher morbidity of hypertension, particularly in highly - educated group (P <0.01). Less educated people tended to do less physical exercises and were easier to become cigarette smokers than educated people (P<0.01, P<0.05). The less educated group had higher percentage of alcohol drinking than that in educated group (P<0.05, P < 0.01). The awareness of hypertension control and complication prevention was generally low in the investigated group, 19.7% and 7.9% respectively.Conclusion:There is a prevalence of bad habits and lack of hypertension- related knowledge among hypertensive patients, especially in the less educated patients. It is urgent to conduct health education and intervention methods for the patients.