Quantification of the heterogeneity of cerebral blood flow in vascular dementia |
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Authors: | Yoshikawa Takuya Murase Kenya Oku Naohiko Kitagawa Kazuo Imaizumi Masao Takasawa Masashi Rishu Piao Hashikawa Kazuo Nishikawa Takashi Hori Masatsugu Matsumoto Masayasu |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (A8), 2–2, Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565–0871, Japan. yoshi@tracer.med.osaka-u.ac.jp, JP;(2) Department of Allied Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan, JP;(3) Department of Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan, JP;(4) Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan, JP |
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Abstract: | Background: In vascular dementia (VaD), assessment of cerebral blood flow by single photon emission computed tomography (CBF SPECT) has
been used to detect a patchy decrease of blood flow or a frontal reduction. In addition to reduced blood flow, the heterogeneous
distribution of cerebral blood flow is often observed in VaD. However, no objective method to evaluate the heterogeneity has
been established. In this study, we applied three-dimensional fractal analysis (3D-FA) to CBF SPECT images as a method for
assessing the heterogeneity of the cerebral blood flow distribution in VaD. Subjects and Methods: The subjects included 18 patients with a diagnosis of VaD (aged 69.7 ± 8.3) based on neuropsychological testing and imaging
findings and 18 age-matched controls (aged 66.9 ± 10.3). CBF SPECT images were obtained with 99mTc-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime. On the reconstructed images, we obtained a linear regression equation between the cut-off
values (from 35 to 50 %) and the number of voxels with a radioactivity exceeding the cut-off value transformed into natural
logarithms, and then calculated the fractal dimension from the slope of the regression line thus obtained. The Mini-Mental
State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate cognitive function. Results: The fractal dimensions were 1.084 ± 0.153 and 0.853 ± 0.062 (mean ± SD) in the VaD and control groups, respectively. The
fractal dimension was significantly greater in the VaD group than in the control group (p < 0.0001). A significant negative
correlation was observed between the fractal dimension and the MMSE score in the VaD group (r = 0.871, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Because the CBF SPECT images of VaD patients showed a higher fractal dimension, these images were quantitatively more heterogeneous
than those of age-matched controls. In the VaD group, cognitive function was shown to decline as the fractal dimension increased
and images became more heterogeneous.
Received: 20 June 2002, Received in revised form: 10 September 2002, Accepted: 16 September 2002
Correspondence to Takuya Yoshikawa, MD |
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Keywords: | cerebral blood flow dementia tomography cerebrovascular disorders |
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