小儿颅内压增高症危险因素分析及预防措施

目的 探讨小儿颅内压增高症相关危险因素及预防措施。方法 收集辽宁省盘锦市中心医院儿科2010年1月至2014年1月住院治疗的良性颅内压增高症患儿50例作为病例组,另选取同期儿科检查正常或者非颅内压增高症患儿50例作为对照组,通过收集相应的围生期、婴儿期等资料,对小儿颅内压增高症的相关危险因素进行分析。结果 围生期胎儿基本情况中,急产、宫内窘迫、婴儿期是否应用抗生素、感染发生情况与对照组相比均具有统计学差异（χ^2分别为4．882、5．828、7．901和14．918,均P＜0．05）。进一步行Logistic回归分析显示急产、宫内窘迫以及婴儿期感染等因素为小儿颅内压增高的危险因素,均具有统计学意义（OR值分别为1．765、1．897和2．110,均P＜0．05）。结论 小儿颅内压增高症相关危险因素有急产、宫内窘迫、感染等,预防这些因素发生是防止颅内压增高症的主要措施。

Analysis of risk factors of pediatric intracranial pressure increased disease and preventive measures

Objective To investigate the related risk factors of pediatric intracranial pressure increased disease and preventive measures . Methods From January 2010 to January 2014 50 cases with benign intracranial pressure increased disease admitted in Central Hospital of Pediatrics were chosen in case group , and another 50 normal children or children with non-intracranial hypertension syndrome were selected in control group .Perinatal or infantile data were collected to analyze the risk factors of pediatric intracranial pressure increased disease . Results There were significant differences in the emergent production , fetal distress, administration of antibiotics in infancy and the incidence of infection between case group and control group （χ^2value was 4.882, 5.828, 7.901 and 14.918, respectively, all P〈0.05）. Further Logistic regression analysis showed that emergent production , fetal distress and infection in infancy were the risk factors of pediatric intracranial pressure increase, and there was statistical significance （OR value was 1.765, 1.897 and 2.110, respectively, all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The risk factors of pediatric intracranial pressure increased disease include emergent production , fetal distress and infection . Preventing the occurrence of these factors is the major measure to prevent increased intracranial pressure .