天津市儿科护士职业倦怠现状及与社会支持的相关性研究

目的调查天津市儿科护士职业倦怠现状,并分析其与社会支持的相关性。方法采用一般资料调查表、职业倦怠量表、社会支持量表对天津市9所三级甲等医院415名儿科护士进行问卷调查。结果职业倦怠各维度中情感衰竭总分为25.19±9.98,去人格化总分为10.70±4.65,个人成就感总分为29.72±9.62,职业倦怠程度较高;社会支持总得分为39.85±8.19,属中等水平,其中客观支持得分为9.53±3.17,主观支持得分为22.22±5.14,社会支持利用度得分为7.60±2.69。相关分析显示社会支持总分及各维度与个人成就感维度均呈正相关(P<0.01),与情感耗竭维度及去人格化维度均呈负相关(P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析显示,客观支持、主观支持、社会支持利用度对情感耗竭、去人格化及个人成就感维度均有影响(P<0.01)。结论儿科护士职业倦怠程度较高,且儿科护士职业倦怠程度与社会支持之间联系紧密,应加强对儿科护士支持系统的构建,提高儿科护士对社会支持的利用程度,降低对工作的倦怠感。

Status quo of job burnout and its relationship with social support in pediatric nurses in Tianjin

Objective]To investigate the status of job burnout among pediatric nurses in Tianjin and analyze its relationship with social support.Methods]A total of 415 pediatric nurses from nine grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin were surveyed using general data questionnaire,burnout scale,and social support scale.Results]In dimensions of burnout,the total score of emotional exhaustion was 25.19 ±9.98,the total score of depersonalization was 10.70 ±4.65,and the total score of personal accomplishment was 29.72±9.62,indicating the degree of burnout was higher. The total score of social support was 39.85 ±8.19,which was at the medium level,with objective support score of 9.53 ±3.17,subjective support score of 22.22 ±5.14,and social support utilization score of 7.60 ±2.69. Correlation analysis showed that the total score and dimension score of social support and dimension score were positively correlated with the individual sense of achievement dimension(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with the emotional exhaustion dimension and the depersonalized dimension(P<0.01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that obj ective support,subjective support,and social support utilization had effects on emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and personal achievement dimensions(P<0.01).Conclusion]Pediatric nurses have a high degree of job burnout,and there is a close relationship between pediatric nurses’ job burnout and social support. The construction of pediatric nurse support system should be strengthened,and the use of social support by pediatric nurses should be improved to reduce the sense of burnout.