2012—2018学年北京市大兴区中小学生营养状况

目的 了解2012—2018学年北京市大兴区中小学生的营养状况,为相关部门实施针对性的营养干预措施提供理论依据。方法 通过"北京市中小学健康信息管理系统"收集数据,采用《中国学生超重、肥胖BMI筛查标准》和《学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查标准》评价营养状况,采用χ2检验对2012—2018学年中小学生的体检数据进行统计分析。结果 2012—2018学年共检查397 709名中小学生,总体营养不良检出率为3.38%,男生的营养不良率(3.48%)略高于女生(3.26%),高中生营养不良检出率较高(4.55%),高于小学生(3.29%)和初中生(3.17%);营养过剩的检出率为34.69%,其中超重检出率为14.67%,肥胖检出率为20.02%。男生营养过剩率(40.65%)高于女生(28.10%)。小学生营养过剩的检出率(35.12%)高于初中生(34.13%)和高中生(32.26%)。结论 北京市大兴区中小学生营养状况不容乐观,近年整体营养状况呈下降趋势,建议相关部门采取针对性的干预措施。

Nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Daxing District of Beijing from 2012-2018

Objective]To understand the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Daxing District of Beijing from 2012-2018,provide theoretical basis for relevant departments to implement nutritional intervention.Methods]The data were collected through "the Beijing primary and secondary school health information management system". BMI Screening Standards for Overweight and Obesity of Chinese Students and Malnutrition Screening Standards for School-age Children and Adolescent were used to evaluate the nutritional status. The physical examination data of primary and secondary school students from 2012-2018 were statistically analyzed by χ^2 test.Results]Totally 397 709 primary and secondary school students were tested from 2012-2018,and the overall detection rate of malnutrition was 3.38%. The malnutrition rate of boys(3.48%) was slightly higher than that of girls(3.26%). The detection rate of malnutrition in senior middle school students(4.55%) was higher than that of primary school students(3.29%) and junior middle school students(3.17%). The detection rate of overnutrition was 34.69%,while the detection rate of overweight and obesity was 14.67% and 20.02% respectively. The overnutrition rate of boys(40.65%) was higher than that of girls(28.10%). The detection rate of overnutrition in primary school students(35.12%) was higher than that in junior high school students(34.13%) and senior high school students(32.26%).Conclusion]The nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Daxing District is not optimistic, and it shows a downward trend in recent years. It is suggested that relevant departments should carry out target interventions.