正念减压疗法对冠心病患者情绪感受和生存质量的影响

目的探讨正念减压疗法(MBSR)是否适用于我国冠心病焦虑患者,能否影响患者的情绪感受和生存质量,为改善冠心病患者的心理水平提供新的方法。方法 2016年12月—2017年8月,选取武汉大学人民医院自愿参与本研究的冠心病患者进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分,据随机数字表将焦虑患者分为研究组和对照组。最终共纳入75例样本,实验组38例,对照组37例。向两组患者发放生存质量测定量表简表(QOL-BREF)和幸福感指数量表(IWB)。对照组患者仅给予心血管内科的常规护理,研究组在此基础上进行6周的MBSR干预,干预后,再次向两组患者发放SAS、QOL-BREF和IWB问卷。所有数据均采用SPSS 22.0进行分析。结果干预后,研究组焦虑总分(40.16±2.37)明显低于对照组(44.99±1.60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。研究组在干预后幸福感指数量表总分和各项条目得分均上升,组内比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),对照组干预前后差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。两组患者干预后组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在QOL-BREF量表中,研究组总分和各维度(生理、心理、社会关系、环境)得分组内比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。而对照组仅在生理维度(P<0.01)、心理维度(P<0.05)和环境维度(P<0.05)组内比较差异有统计学意义。干预后组间比较两组患者总分和各维度得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 MBSR可有效缓解冠心病焦虑患者的焦虑情绪,提升出院后冠心病焦虑患者的生存质量,提升患者的幸福感指数,减少负性情绪。

Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction on emotional feeling and quality of life in coronary heart disease patients

[Objective]To explore whether mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR) applicable to patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) in our country,and if it can affect the emotional feeling and quality of life in patients,provide a new way to improve the psychological level of patients with CHD.[Methods]From December 2016 to August 2017,the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) was used to score the patients with CHD who volunteered to participate in the study in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. The patients were divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number table. Totally 75 cases were recruited in the study,including 38 cases in experimental group and 37 cases in control group. Quality of Life-BREF(QOL-BREF) and index of well-being scale(IWB) were distributed to the two groups. The control group was treated with conventional care,on the basis of control group,the experimental group was treated with MBSR intervention. At the end of the intervention,the participants were investigated with SAS,QOL-BREF and IWB questionnaires. All data were analyzed by using SPSS 22.0 software.[Results]After the intervention,the total score of anxiety in experimental group(40.16±2.37) was significantly lower than control group(44.90±1.60),and the difference between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.01). And the total score of IWB scale and each item score in experimental group increased after the intervention,the difference were statistically significant in the group(P<0.01),while the control group showed no statistically significant before and after intervention(all P>0.05).The difference between the two groups were statistically significant after intervention(P<0.01). In the experimental group,there were statistically significant differences in the total score of QOL-BREF and the score of each dimension(physical,psychological,social,and environmental dimensions) within the group(P<0.01). In the control group,there were statistically significant differences in score of physiological dimension(P<0.01),psychological dimension(P<0.05) and environmental dimension(P<0.05). After the intervention,there were statistically significant between the two groups in total score and the scores of each dimension(all P<0.05).[Conclusion]MBSR intervention can effectively alleviate the anxiety of patients with CHD,improve the quality of life of anxiety patients after discharge and the patient’s well-being index,and reduce the negative emotions.