256层CT对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块成分及性质的分析

目的　探讨256层螺旋CT 血管造影（CT angiography,CTA）评价颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的价值。 方法　 对234例拟诊颈动脉硬化狭窄的患者行头颈部CTA检查, 根据颈动脉有无斑块分为病变组和正常对照组，通过CT值分析斑块成分和性质。 结果　病变组266支动脉，其中脂肪斑块组51支、纤维斑块组26支、钙化斑块组67支、混合斑块组122支；正常组163支。脂肪斑块组脑梗死出现率明显大于纤维斑块组和钙化斑块组（P＜0.01）；脂肪合并钙化斑块组脑梗死出现率明显大于纤维合并钙化斑块组（P＜0.01）；含脂肪斑块组溃疡出现率大于含纤维斑块组（P＜0.05）。 结论　256层螺旋CT能够分析颈动脉斑块的成分、性质，初步评价颈动脉斑块的稳定性。

Analysis of components and features of carotid atherosclerotic plaques with 256-slice CT

Objective　To analyze the components and features of carotid atherosclerotic plaques with 256-slice spiral Computed Tomography.　Methods　234 cases with suspected carotid atherosclerotic plaques received CTA (CT Angiography, CTA) examination. All cases were divided into the experimental group and the control group according to having atherosclerotic plaque or not.The components and features of carotid atherosclerotic plaques were analyzed by different CT values.　Results　Atherosclerotic plaques were found in 266 carotid arteries, including lipid plaques(51), fibrous plaques(26)，calcified plaques(67),and mixed plaques(122).163 arteries were found normal. The occurrence rate of cerebral infarction in the group of lipid plaque was higher than that in the groups of fibrous and calcified plaques（P＜0.01）；The occurrence rate of cerebral infarction in the group of calcified lipid plaques was higher than that in the group of calcified fibrous plaques（P＜0.01）；The occurrence rate of ulceration in the group of plaques with lipid was higher than that in the groups of plaques with fiber（P＜0.05）；　Conclusion　Characteristics and morphology of carotid atherosclerotic plaques can be accurately assessed by 256-slices CT and their stabilities preliminarily evaluated.