儿童面部皮肤裂伤原因及其相关因素的分析

目的探讨儿童面部皮肤裂伤的主要原因及影响因素。方法对2007年8月至2009年8月收治的296例面部皮肤裂伤患儿发生裂伤的原因及其相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果儿童面部皮肤裂伤的主要原因是摔伤、碰撞伤,3～5岁是儿童面部皮肤裂伤的好发年龄,夏秋季为损伤高峰季节,男童发病率高于女童,家庭发病率高于幼儿园,损伤部位多集中在前额部、眉弓部及颏下部,损伤时多为父母监护。结论应根据儿童的年龄、性别、好发季节及发生原因有侧重地进行损伤的预防工作,如加强家庭、社会、学校及幼儿园的儿童保健力度,根据儿童各期的生长发育及活动特点加强安全管理和监护,增加父母和儿童的安全知识;护士应采取有效方法 ,开展健康教育,为儿童创造更安全、宽敞的家庭与社会活动场所。

Retrospective Analysis on Causes and Related Factors of Facial Laceration in Children

Objective To explore the major causes and related factors of facial laceration in children.Methods The causes and related factors for facial laceration in 296 children who were admitted from August 2007 to August 2009 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Children＇s facial skin laceration was mainly due to a fall,collision injuries.Children aged 3 to 5 years old had a high incidence in the peak season of summer and autumn for the injury.The incidence was higher for boys at home than girls in nursery school.The injuries were mainly located on the forehead,eyebrow and lower chin under the supervision of their parents.Conclusion Injury prevention should be emphasized by strengthening prevention for children at home,school,nursery school and in the society according to their age,gender,peak season and causes.The parents and their children should be inculcated with safety knowledge to strengthen their security management and mornitoring based on the characteristics of growing development and activity for children at different stages.Nurses are suggested to take effective measures of health education for safer and more spacious family and community spaces.