The characteristics of elderly burns in Shanghai

Objective

This study aims to analyse the epidemiologic characteristics of severe burn in the elderly in Shanghai and to discusses a possible prevention programme for this population.

Methods

A retrospective review of all medical records of elderly patients (aged 60 and older) admitted with acute burns to the Burn Center of the RuiJin Hospital between January 1996 and December 2004 was carried out. Patient demographics, etiology of burn, mechanism of injury, burn extent, anatomical areas burned, number of operations, and outcomes were reviewed.

Results

A total of 201 (5.8% of hospitalised patients) elderly patients (mean age (±SD) of 69.3 ± 7.1 years (range 60–90 years)) were admitted. Majority of the patients were men (62.2%) and the most common etiologies were flames (52.7%) and scalds (39.8%). The majority of burns occurred at home (73.6%), followed by burns at workplace (15.9%) and public areas (10.5%). The median total body area burned was 11.7% (range 0–84%), and the majority of burns were classified as mild (60.2%) and moderate (32.8%). Predominant anatomical areas involved were the legs (76.1%), arms (67.2%), head and neck (49.8%) and hands (49.3%). The most common pre-injury conditions were cardiovascular diseases (25.9%), diabetes (8.5%) and neurological diseases (6%). Eighty-seven patients (43.3%) required surgical treatment. The most common complications were multiple organ failure (2%), pneumonia (1%) and wound infection (1%). Sixteen patients (8%) died: half of them in hospital, and the rest at home. There was a significant correlation between post-injury complications and death (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). The mean total hospitalisation cost was ¥22993.09 (US$ 3381.34).

Conclusions

Domestic and workplace burns with devastating consequences are very common in the elderly population in Shanghai. Burn prevention education and implementation of safety measures at home and at workplace would help reduce such incidences.