少量漏气技术在老年患者长期机械通气气囊管理中的应用

目的寻求一种在老年长期机械通气中较为理想的气囊管理方法。方法采用少量漏起技术（minimal leak technique，MLT）和指感估压法给气管导管气囊进行充气，观察两组气囊漏气、气囊破裂、气管黏膜损伤及呼吸机相关肺炎的发生情况。结果MLT组气囊漏气、气囊破裂、气管黏膜损伤的发生率明显低于指感估压组（P〈0．05）；而呼吸机相关肺炎的发生率无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论MLT可减少长期机械通气时气管导管气囊过度充气所致的并发症。

The Application of Minimal Leak Technique to Endotracheal Tube Cuff in Elder Patients with Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation

Objective To investigate a proper way of endotracheal tube cuff management in older patients with long-term mechanical ventilation.Methods Patients were randomly assigned into minimal leak technique(MLT) group and finger touching(FT) group.The tube cuffs were filled with air to observe the incidence of cuff leaking,cuff rupture,injuries of tracheal mucosa and ventilation associated pneumonia(VAP) between the 2 groups.Results The incidences of cuff leaking,cuff rupture and injuries of tracheal mucosa in MLT group were lower than those of FT group(P<0.05).There was no obvious difference of the incidence of VAP between the 2 groups(P>0.05).Conclusion MLT could reduce complications of excessive air filling into tube cuff during long-term mechanical ventilation.