浅谈突发公共卫生事件应对中健康促进工作的策略

突发公共卫生事件,是指一些突然发生的,可能或者已经造成社会重大传染病疫情、不明原因的群体性疾病或者造成大量人群食物中毒或者其他严重影响公众健康的紧急事件。在我国2003年颁布的《突发公共卫生事件紧急条例》中对其特征进行了定义:一是具有突发性;二是在公共卫生领域发生;三是严重危害公众健康。在面对突发公共卫生事件发生后,应该及时对事件进行分析、处置,开展广泛深入的健康教育和健康促进工作,可促进公众正确应对灾害,提高自我的防护意识和能力,可以对事件造成的损失进行补救,减少对社会、经济、政治和人民群众生命财产的损害,有利于维护公众健康和社会秩序。对于突发公共卫生事件,除了在发生之后及时应对以外,在平时要开展健康促进工作,对突发公共卫生事件进行预防,并且在其不可避免的发生时,将其危害降到最低。该文对突发公共卫生事件应对中健康促进工作进行探讨。

Talking about Health Promotion Strategies in Response to Public Health Emergencies

Public health emergencies refer to sudden emergencies that may or have caused major outbreaks of social infectious diseases, unexplained group diseases, or caused food poisoning in a large number of people, or other emergency events that seriously affect public health. Its characteristics were defined in the "Emergency Regulations on Public Health Emergencies" promulgated in China in 2003: first, it is sudden;second, it occurs in the field of public health;and third, it seriously harms public health. After facing public health emergencies, the incidents should be analyzed and disposed of in a timely manner, and extensive and in-depth health education and health promotion work should be carried out, which can promote the public to respond to disasters properly, improve self-protection awareness and ability, and to remedy the losses,and reduce the damage to social, economic, political and people ’s lives and property, it is conducive to maintaining public health and social order. For public health emergencies, in addition to responding in a timely manner after the occurrence,health promotion work must be carried out in peacetime. Prevent public health emergencies and minimize their harm when it is unavoidable. This article discusses health promotion efforts in response to public health emergencies.