Challenges experienced during pharmacy automation and robotics implementation in JCI accredited hospital in the Arabian Gulf area: FMEA analysis-qualitative approach |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Head Pharmaceutical Quality Services Department, King Hamad University Hospital, Bahrain, Founder of QuaMay (for Hospital Quality Improvement & Patient Safety Consultation, Training, and Education services), UAE;2. Pharmaceutical Services Department, King Hamad University Hospital, Pharmacy Program, Allied Health Department, College of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Bahrain;3. Pharmaceutical Services Department, Research Coordinator –AMS Pharmacist, King Hamad University Hospital, Bahrain;4. Nursing, Quality and Patient Safety, Informatics, Research & EBP, King Hamad University Hospital, Bahrain. Cheif Nursing Officer, KIMS Health Hospital and Medical Centers, Bahrain;5. Head Pharmaceutical Services Department, King Hamad University Hospital, Bahrain |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundPharmacy automation and robotics implementation are essential aspects of healthcare facilities. It streamlines the medication dispensing process and significantly reduces medication errors. However, implementing automation and robotics in pharmacies comes with its challenges. We aim to detect and rectify potential dangers in the pharmacy workflow by utilizing the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) methodology; this is expected to augment performance and increase profitability.Materials and methodsIn this study, we conducted an FMEA analysis using a qualitative approach to identify the challenges experienced during pharmacy automation and robotics implementation in a Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited hospital in the Arabian Gulf area. The pharmacy processes and procedures were mapped in a Flow chart to visualize the pharmacy workflow, including highlighting the risks that were found. Then these risks were arranged as Potential failure modes and added to the table as 9 main points for each RPNs were calculated, and then the 9 points were prioritized for the action plans.ResultsVia applying traditional Risk Priority Number (RPN) FMEA, the Pharmacy board identified the process stages marked risky failure modes through several FMEAs, calculating the total RPNs at the implementation phase. It revealed several challenges, including staff training, technical issues, and inadequate communication. Furthermore, the study resulted in corrective and intervention steps.ConclusionPharmacy automation and robotics implementation is a complex process that requires proper planning, preparation, and execution. The FMEA approach effectively identifies potential problems and evaluates their impact on the pharmacy system. Nine major failure modes appeared to be risky stages with high RPN scores. Therefore, multiple interventions were done during the implementation to enhance the knowledge of challenges faced during the implementation of the automation process and solve it. Future studies should address the identified challenges and develop strategies to mitigate them. |
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| Keywords: | Pharmacy automation Robotics Medication errors Failure mode and effects analysis Performance Improvement Project Risk Management Quality Improvement JCI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Joint Commission International FMEA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Failure Mode and Effects Analysis RPN" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Risk priority number ADS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" automated dispensing system NHS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" National Health Service IRB" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Institutional Review Board O" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" occurrence probability S" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" severity D" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" detectability HIS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Health Information System FMECA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis |
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