基于文献计量学的荨麻疹动物模型应用分析

目的：梳理荨麻疹动物模型研究的实验方法、检测指标及评价方法,为后续荨麻疹的相关研究提供可参考的模型基础。方法：计算机检索中国知网（CNKI）、万方、维普（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、Web of Science、Embase、PubMed数据库,以“荨麻疹”“动物模型”为主题词检索相关文献,检索时限从建库到2022年7月13日。由2名评价员独立筛选文献,将符合纳入标准文献的发表时间、文献来源、动物情况、造模方法、造模时间、检测指标等进行提取,建立数据文件,进行定量统计和分析。结果：纳入符合标准的文献116篇,涉及荨麻疹动物实验共计129个,其中中文文献102个、英文文献27个。近3年荨麻疹动物实验研究呈明显上升趋势,文献来源多为学位论文。荨麻疹模型实验动物多为雌雄各半的KM小鼠和SD大鼠,造模方法以被动皮肤致敏模型为主,造模时间多为14～16 d,造模成功指标多以皮肤蓝斑面积、耳肿胀表观指标为主,其他检测指标侧重于皮肤和血清中的病理指标。结论：目前荨麻疹的实验研究虽然日益增多,但目前研究中使用的造模方法存在造模标准不统一、临床吻合度不高等问题。因此该文对荨麻疹动物模型的...

Application Analysis of Animal Models of Urticaria Based on Bibliometrics

Objective To summarize the modeling methods, test indicators, and evaluation methods of the animal models of urticaria and provide a basis for the subsequent research on urticaria models.Method With the keywords of "urticaria" and "animal model" and the time interval from inception to July 13, 2022, relevant articles were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed. Two evaluators independently screened the articles and extracted the publishing time, sources, animal conditions, modeling methods, modeling time, and test indicators from the articles meeting the inclusion criteria to establish a data library for quantitative statistics and analysis.Result A total of 116 articles were included, involving 129 animal experiments (102 in Chinese and 27 in English) of urticaria. In the last three years, the studies about the animal models of urticaria presented an obvious upward trend, and the articles were dominated by dissertations. KM mice and SD rats of both females and males were mainly used for the modeling of urticaria, and the models were mainly established by passive sensitization of skin for 14-16 days. The models were mainly evaluated based on apparent indicators such as blue-stained lesion area and ear swelling, supplemented by the pathological indicators of the skin and serum.Conclusion Although the experimental studies of urticaria are increasing, the modeling methods lack unified modeling standards and have low coincidence with clinical symptoms. Therefore, this paper analyzed the modeling elements and evaluation criteria of urticaria animal models, and proposed that both male and female KM mice (6-8 weeks old) or SD rats (8-10 weeks old) of SPF grade should be preferentially selected for modeling. Active and passive sensitization can be combined for the modeling, and the specific modeling elements such as modeling time and sensitization times need to be further explored. The model evaluation should include four aspects of behavior, appearance, pathology, and immunity.