海洛因成瘾大白鼠脑组织胶质细胞超微结构的变化

目的：模仿人类吸毒成瘾临床实例建立海洛因成瘾大鼠模型，研究其脑组织中胶质细胞超微结构的变化。方法：采用递增法给大鼠皮下注射海洛因人为建立海洛因成瘾动物模型，设对照组和模型组，取两组动物多部位脑组织电镜下观察超微结构变化。结果：海洛因成瘾大鼠脑内多部位脑组织中出现星形胶质细胞增生，这些细胞胞体、胞核增大，胞浆、细胞器增多。少突胶质细胞增生，部分细胞胞体和突起内含有变性的轴突、树突终末及退变的髓鞘。小胶质细胞也增生，其胞浆内出现大量溶酶体、脂褐素、脂滴等。与此同时，退变星形胶质细胞亦可见到。对照组大鼠脑组织中上述3种胶质细胞电镜超微影像正常。结论：海洛因成瘾致脑损害病程中，在脑组织神经元广泛出现超微病理结构改变同时，胶质细胞的超微结构也发生了一系列变化，这些变化一方面有利于修复变性的神经元和清除坏死的神经元，另一方面也提示胶质细胞本身也受到海洛因的毒害。

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANEGS OF GLIAl CELLS IN THE BRAIN OF HEROIN-ADDICTED RATS

Objective:To study the ultrastructural changes of glial cells in the brain,the processes of hunman heroin addiction were imitated and the model of heroin addicted rat was set up .Methods:Applying the method of gradual increase of dosage ,rats were given subcutaneous injection of heroin and the addiction of model was established .Rats were divided into control group and model group. The ultrastructural changes of glial cells in the brain of the rats of each group were observed under electionic microscope .Result:There appear many reactive astrocytes whose somas and nucleus were enlarged and cytopiasm was filled with a lot of orgamelles .Oligodendrocytes increased in number. The somas and processes of some cells contained the degenerative terminals of axons and dendrites. microglial cells which showed the intracytoplasmic accumulation of fat droplets and lipofuscins inceased in number .Meawhile ,degenerative astrocytes were also found .The electronic microscope images of glial cells in the brain of control group were nomal.Conclusion:The ultrastructural changes of glial cells in the brain appeared extensively and clearly ,which may be related to the repair of degenerative neurons and the elimination of dead neurons ,or lesions of glial cells.