广东省湛江市某高校大学生预防艾滋病健康教育效果评价

目的结合2007年世界艾滋病日开展大型健康教育活动，提高大学生预防艾滋病认知水平，并评价预防艾滋病健康教育活动效果。方法采用整群随机抽样方法，分别在健康教育前后抽取大学一年级学生447名和637名进行调查。结果健康教育后大学生预防艾滋病知识知晓率改善明显，艾滋病总知识知晓率从86．8％提高到91．0％，差别具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。对艾滋病非传播途径“蚊子叮咬”及“共用浴缸、游泳池”答对率分别从71．6％和67．8％提高到80．8％和74．7％，对性病患者和同性恋患者感染艾滋病病毒的危险性认知，健康教育前后认知率分别从63．5％和73．4％提高到71．9％和84．9％，差别均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。行为态度方面改善有限，且差别均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。健康教育后，有88．4％的学生对艾滋病病人持同情、理解态度，只有22．5％学生支持对艾滋病病毒感染者做好保密工作，愿意与艾滋病病人一同工作、学习的只有57．9％。有97．5％的学生认为有必要开展预防艾滋病健康教育，却只有72．8％的学生愿意向其他人宣传预防艾滋病知识。除电视、报刊杂志、网络等新闻媒体外，他们希望通过讲座／会议和医生／护士等途径获取更多的相关知识。结论本次大型预防艾滋病健康教育活动效果明显，大学生预防艾滋病知识有一定幅度提高，但需要进一步做好相关态度转化。

Effectiveness assessment of AIDS prevention health education among college students in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province

Objective To assess the effectiveness of AIDS prevention health education series of The World AIDS Day. Methods 447 first-year college students were investigated on knowledge, attitudes, and practice （KAP） of AIDS prevention before health education activities, and 637 first-year college students were investigated after health education activities. Results The KAP of the students showed a significant improvement. The total knowledge rate had increased from 86. 8% to 91.0% （P 〈0. 05）. The correct answer rates of the two questions ＂AIDS can not be transmitted by mosquito bites＂ and ＂using pool/bathtub in common can not infect AIDS＂ were promoted from 71.6% to 80. 8% and from 67.8% to 74. 7% respectively. The awareness rates of the risk of STDs and homosexual activities infecting AIDS were promoted from 63.5% to 71.9% and from 73.4% to 84.9% respectively （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was no significant difference in attitudes and behaviors before and after health education （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. 88.4% of the students empathized and understood AIDS infectors better after health education, but only 22. 5% of the students supported that the confidentiality of AIDS patients should be taken care of. 57.9% of the students agreed to work and study with AIDS infectors together. 97. 5% of the students considered that health education was necessary, but only 72. 8% of them would like to disseminate the AIDS knowledge to others. Besides TV, newspapers and internet, they hoped to get more AIDS information from academic lectures/meetings and doctors/nurses. Conclusion Health education series were effective, and the AIDS awareness of college sdudents had risen in some degrees, but the knowledge should be further converted into attitudes and behaviors.