小鼠胆囊胆固醇结石模型的建立

目的建立简单、可靠、高效的小鼠胆囊胆固醇结石模型，为研究胆石成因及防治提供重要手段。方法C57BL／6小鼠随机分为对照组和模型组，对照组喂饲基础饲料，模型组喂饲致石饲料（基础饲料加10％猪油、1％胆固醇及0．5％胆酸）。两组小鼠分别于喂养4周和8周后，计算小鼠存活率，同时各取一半数量小鼠在乙醚吸入麻醉下手术取胆囊及血液标本，分别检测成石率、血脂浓度及胆汁胆固醇饱和度。结果对照组小鼠8周存活率100％，模型组小鼠死亡1只，存活率95％。对照组8周成石率为零，模型组4周成石率80％，8周成石率100％。血脂分析表明，与对照组比较，模型组4周和8周总胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白显著升高（P〈0．01），甘油三酯浓度轻度升高（P〈0．05），高密度脂蛋白显著降低（P〈0．01）。4周和8周时胆汁胆固醇饱和度测定，对照组分别为0．48±0．29和0．58±0．21，模型组分别为1．36±0．36和1．52±0．37，模型组胆固醇浓度处于过饱和状态。结论本模型方法简单、成石率高、动物死亡率低，可作为研究胆石成因及防治的备选模型。

Establishment of a C57BL/6 mouse model of cholesterol gallstone by lithogenic diet

Objective To establish a mouse model of cholesterol gallstone by lithogenic diet. Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. Mice of control group were fed with normal diet and those of experimental group were fed with lithogenic diet,which included 10% fat,1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid. After 4- and 8-week＇s feeding, mice were sacrificed respectively and specimens were collected for further assay. Results The survival of mice was 100% in control group and 95% in experimental group in the end of 8-week＇s feeding.In control group,there was no gallbladder cholesterol stone formation.In experimental group,the rate of stone formation was 80% in week 4 and 100% in week 8, respectively. Blood lipid analysis indicated that the level of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher in experimental group than those in control group in both week 4 and week 8 （P 〈 0.01）.On the other hand, the level of blood triglyceride in experimental group was slightly higher versus that in control group （P 〈 0.05） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol remarkably lower versus that in control group （P 〈 0.01）. Bile analysis showed that super saturation of bile cholesterol in experiment group happened but no super saturation in control group. Conclusion It is a good method reported in this paper for the establishment of C57BL/6 mouse model of cholesterol gallstone by lithogenic diet.