健康教育提高老年糖尿病患者自我护理能力和生存质量的效果研究

目的：探讨健康教育对社区老年糖尿病患者自我护理能力及生活质量的影响。方法收集我院2012年12月～2013年12月随访的1358例糖尿病患者的资料，根据患者是否接受糖尿病健康教育分为观察组和对照组，分别为658例和700例，观察组患者均接受过健康教育，对照组患者未接受过健康教育，比较两组患者血糖水平，分别应用糖尿病自我护理效能量表（DESE）和糖尿病生存质量特异性量表（DSQL）对两组患者的自我护理能力及生存质量进行评价。结果观察组患者血糖监测指标：空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPG）和糖化血红蛋白（HbAlC）等指标均优于对照组，比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组患者自我护理效能各项目评分高于对照组，比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组患者生存质量因子评分高于对照组，比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论对社区糖尿病患者进行系统性健康教育，能改善患者血糖水平，提高患者自我护理能力及生活质量，预防并延缓并发症的发生，值得在临床推广。

Study of effect of health education in improving self-nursing ability and life quality of elderly diabetic patients

Objective To investigate the influence of health education on the self-nursing ability and life quality of the community elderly diabetic patients. Methods Data of 1358 diabetic patients of our hospital from December 2012 to December 2013 were collected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to whether receiving diabetic health education or not, with 658 patients and 700 patients in each group. The observation group received health education and the control group did not receive health education. The blood glucose levels of the two groups were compared. The diabetic self-nursing efficiency scale（DESE） and the diabetes-specific quality of life scale（DSQL） were used to evaluate the self-nursing ability and life quality of the two groups. Results The observation group had better blood glucose monitoring indicators, including fasting blood glucose（FBG）, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose（PBG2h） and glycosylated hemoglobin（HbAlC） than the control group, with statistically significant differences（P 〈 0.05）. The observation group had higher scores of self-nursing efficiency items than the control group, with statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）. The observation group had higher scores of life quality factors than the control group, with statistically significant differences（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Systematic health education on the community diabetic patients can improve the patients＆#39; blood glucose level, increase their self-nursing ability and life quality, and prevent and delay occurrence of complications, thereby worthy of clinical promotion.