深圳市某两所小学流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学分析

目的：通过对深圳市某两所小学发生的流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学特点及差异性进行分析，为制定科学、高效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法2013年5～7月深圳市大鹏新区某两所小学爆发流行性腮腺炎，以学校为整体研究对象，分别标记为学校A（24个班，学生1210例）和学校B（27个班，学生1274例），对比两所小学的疫情流行病学差异性。结果分析发现，学校A流行性腮腺炎发病率为4.30%，发病班级所占比54.17%,均较学校B1.73%和29.63%高，对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；分析显示学校A学生出现疫病平均年龄为（11.2±1.1）岁，较学校B（9.34±1.0）岁，对比差异明显（P＜0.05）；且两组疫病患儿在接种疫苗率对比上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；但疫情发生时，学校B疫苗紧急接种率明显高于学校A，对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论小学作为流行性腮腺炎爆发的主要场所之一，疫病爆发高峰季节前，针对易感染人群给予相应的疫苗接种等预防控制措施，同时加强流行性腮腺炎的监测，对于降低感染人群数量，减轻、遏制疫情有着积极的意义，值得相关防控部门重视。

The analysis of outbreaks of mumps of epidemiology of two primary schools of Shenzhen

Objective To provide the scientific basis for setting scientific, effective prevention and control strategy by analyzing feature and difference of outbreaks of mumps of epidemiology of two primary schools of Shenzhen. Methods Two certain primary schools of Dapeng New District of Shenzhen city broke out mumps from May 2013 to July 2013 , the whole school was selected as the research objects, and respectively school A（ 24 classes, 1210 cases of students） and school B （27 classes , 1274 cases of students）, the difference of epidemiology of two primary schools was compared. Results The analysis found out the incidence of mumps of school A was 4.30%,the portion of infectious cases of classes was 54.17%, they were all higher than 1.73%and 29.63%of School B, there was significant difference（P 〈 0.05）;The analysis showed the students of school A occurred the disease whose average ages were age（11.2±1.1）, school B age（9.34±1.0）, the difference had statistical significance （P 〈 0.05）;The difference of comparison of children with the disease on the vaccination rate was not significant（P〉0.05）.But the occurrence of epidemic situation, vaccine emergency vaccination rate of school B was significant higher than that of school A, the difference had statistical significance （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Primary school was one of the main places of mumps outbreak, before the outbreak of epidemic situation of peak season, for susceptible population, the corresponding vaccination inoculation is given prevention and control measures, at the same time, the monitoring of mumps is strengthened, it can reduce the amount of people who are infected, it has positive significance to reduce and contain outbreak of epidemic situation, it is worth valuing by the relevant prevention and control department.