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The potential protective effects of taurine on coronary heart disease
Authors:Oktawia P. Wójcik  Karen L. Koenig  Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte  Max Costa  Yu Chen
Affiliation:1. Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;2. New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;3. Department of Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;1. Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt;2. University of Ain Shams, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt;1. School of Psychology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;2. School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales 2258, Australia;1. INSERM, U968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France;2. Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris-6), UMR S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France;3. CNRS, UMR 7210, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France;4. Centre Hospitalier National d''Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France;5. Institute of Ophthalmology, University College of London, UK;6. Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France;7. French Academy of Sciences, Paris, France;8. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France;9. Clinical Chemistry, Hôtel-Dieu-Cochin Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France;10. Nouvel hôpital civil, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg and Laboratoire de Bactériologie (EA-7290), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France;1. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, KafrEl-Sheikh Governorate 33516, Egypt;2. Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;3. Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;4. Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;5. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, KafrEl-Sheikh Governorate 33516, Egypt
Abstract:In humans, taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is mainly obtained from diet. Despite the fact that the health effects of taurine are largely unknown, taurine has become a popular supplement and ingredient in energy drinks in recent years. Evidence from mechanistic and animal studies has shown that the main biological actions of taurine include its ability to conjugate bile acids, regulate blood pressure (BP), and act as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. These actions suggest that high levels of taurine may be protective against coronary heart disease (CHD). However, data from epidemiologic and intervention studies in humans are limited. We review what is known about taurine's metabolism, its transportation in the body, its food sources, and evidence of its effect on cardiovascular health from in vitro, animal, and epidemiologic studies. We also discuss shortcomings of the human studies that need to be addressed in the future. The identification of taurine as a preventive factor for CHD may be of great public health importance.
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