HDL biogenesis and functions: Role of HDL quality and quantity in atherosclerosis |
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Authors: | Eirini M Tsompanidi Maria S Brinkmeier Elisavet H Fotiadou Smaragda M Giakoumi Kyriakos E Kypreos |
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Institution: | 1. Wuxi No. 2 People''s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214002, China;2. Jiangsu Provincial Taihu Cadre''s Sanatorium of Jiangsu Provincial People''s Hospital Group, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214086, China;3. Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064, China |
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Abstract: | Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death in western societies. In the last few decades, a number of epidemiological studies have shown that a disproportion between atheroprotective and atherogenic lipoproteins in plasma is one of the most important contributors towards atherosclerosis and CHD. Thus, based on the classical view, reduced HDL cholesterol levels independently predict one's risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease, while elevated HDL levels protect from atherosclerosis. However, more recent studies have suggested that the relationship between HDL and cardiovascular risk is more complex and extends beyond the levels of HDL in plasma. These studies challenge the existing view on HDL and cardiovascular risk and trigger a discussion as to whether low HDL is a causal effect for the development of heart disease. In this article we provide a review of the current literature on the biogenesis of HDL and its proposed functions in atheroprotection. In addition, we discuss the significance of both HDL quality and quantity in assessing cardiovascular risk. |
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