三维超声重建胎儿面部形态应用于胎儿亲子鉴定的可行性研究

目的探讨三维超声应用于胎儿亲子鉴定的可行性.方法采用静态表面成像技术,对145例妊娠12～40周的胎儿进行面部体表结构和形态的重建,在操作成功后请胎儿父母对胎儿的面部特征与父母的相似性进行评价.结果112例面部器官正侧位完全清晰成像,同时显示眼部、鼻部、唇部,成像率77.24%,孕21～32周为高成像率时机.三维超声显像充分表达了胎儿面部宏观形态和面部器官的细微特征,在相当程度上能够显示出其父母的外表遗传特点.包括面部总体轮廓外观,如脸型,面部器官的分布形态;面部单个器官特点,如眼睛的大小、方向,眼凹的程度;鼻梁的挺直度、鼻根的凹陷或突起程度、鼻翼的宽度、鼻孔的开口形状、方浇向;嘴唇的形态、宽度比例、唇厚度等;立体层次感丰富,具有生机气息.结论三维超声技术通过表达胎儿面部外观特征,从而可以对胎儿的表象与其父母进行遗传学外观性状的比较,对当事者具有强烈的震慑作用,为无创性胎儿亲子鉴定和性暴力的侦破线索提供了一定可信度的依据,值得深入量化研究.

Feasibility of three-dimensional ultrasound static surface rendering reconstructing fetal face image for fetal parentage identification

Objective: To analyze the feasibility of the application of three dimensional ultrasound (3DU) for fetal parentage identification. Method: 145 cases of singleton pregnant women were reconstructed face images with the range from 12 to 40 gestational weeks via static surface rendering technique. The final 3DU fetal facial reconstructed photos were estimated by the baby's parents and lineally kinsfolk to justify the coincident homology between the fetus and its patrilineal procreator. Results: With 3DU static surface rendering, 112 cases of fetal facial 3D images included forehead, brow, cheek, eye, nose and the mouth lip were reconstructed successfully. The gestation of 21 to 32 weeks was the ideally time to reconstruct 3DU fetal facial photos. Most the facial surface area of the fetus had been shown clearly in the prerequisite of the fetal region of interest (ROI) surrounded by enough amniotic fluid. This technique could detect the fetal surface subtle characters such as general facial image, figure, margin, smoothness and similarity between the fetus and his/her parents. Especially to describe facial organ's formal characters include its outline, shape, curve, ratio, thickness and other genetic appearance. Conclusions: The 3DU fetal facial image existing stereographic trait strongly, in the mean time for the prenatal diagnosis, the non-invasive method supplied more abundant, detailed and comprehensive information of fetal facial shape, configuration and other genetic appearances include facial organs. Such advantages of the heartquake effective photo could be used for the comparability between fetus and its father procreator, even in the case of pregnancy caused by rape to find the culprit. The digital research on the identification standard should be done in future.